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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
angi/o
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blood or lymph vessle
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aort/o
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aorta
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arteri/o
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artery
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ather/o
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plaque, fatty substance
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brady-
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slow
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cardi/o
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heart
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-crasia
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a mixture or blending
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-emia
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blood, blood condition
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erythr/o
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red
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hem/o, hemat/o
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blood, relating to the blood
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leuk/o
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white
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phleb/o
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vein
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tachy-
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fast, rapid
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thromb/o
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clot
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ven/o
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vein
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ACE inhibitor
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(Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme) blocks the action of the enzyme that causes the blood vessles to contract resulting in hypertension. When this enzyme is blocked, the blood vessles enlarge, and this reduces the blood pressure.
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anemia
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A lower than normal number of erythrocytes in the blood.
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aneurysm
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Localized weak spot or balloon-like enlargement, of the wall of an artery.
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angina
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(angina pectoris); condition of episodes of severe chest pain due to inadequate blood flow to the myocardium. Caused by ischemia of the heart muscle.
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anticoagulant
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slows coagulation and prevents new clots from forming
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aplastic anemia
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Characterized by an absence of all formed blood elements caused by the failure of blood cell production in the bone marrow.
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arrhythmia
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abnormality, or the loss of the normal rhythm, of the heartbeat.
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atherectomy
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surgical removal of plaque buildup from the interior of an artery.
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atheroma
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(a characteristic of atherosclerosis), the deposit of plaque on or within the arterial wall.
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atherosclerosis
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the hardening and narrowing of the arteries caused by a buildup of cholesterol plaque on the interior walls of the arteries.
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automated external defibrillator
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(AED); designed for non-professionals in emergency situations when defibrillation is required. It will sample the heart beat, and shock the heart to restore normal cardiac rhythm.
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atrial fibrillation
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(A fib); occurs when teh normal rhythmic contractinos of the atria are replaced by a rapid irregular twitching of the muscular heart wall, and causes an irregular and quivering action of the atria.
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beta-blocker
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reduces the workload of the heart by slowing the rate of the heatbeat. Prescribed to lower blood pressure, relieve angina, or to treat heart failure.
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blood dyscrasia
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any pathologic condition of the cellular elements of the blood.
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bradycardia
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abnormally slow resting heart rate (<60 bpm).
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cardiac arrest
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an event in which the heart abruptly stops or develops a very abnormal arrhythmia that prevents it from pumping blood.
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cardiac catheterization
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diagnostic procedure in which a catheter is passed into a vein or artery and then guided into the heart. When the catheter is in place, a contrast medium is introduced to produce an angiogram to determin how well the heart is working.
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cardiomyopathy
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term used to describe all diseases of the heart muscle.
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carotid endarterectomy
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the surgical removal of the lining of a portion of a clogged carotid artery leading to the brain. Preformd to reduce the risk of a stroke caused by disrupted blood flow to the brain.
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cholesterol
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a fatty substance that travels throught the blood and is found in all parts of the body. Aids in the production of cell membranes, some hormones, and vitamin D. Some cholesterol comes from dietary sources, some is created by liver.
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chronic venous insufficiency
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condition in which venous circulation is inadequate due to partial vein blockage or leakage of venous valves. Generally affects feet and ankles. Leakage can cause discoloration of the skin.
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coronary thrombosis
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is damage to the heart muscle causd by a thrombus blocking a coronary artery.
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defibrillation
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(cardioversion); the use of electricial shock to restore the heart's normal rhythm. Shock is provided by a device known as a defibrillator.
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diuretic
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administered to stimulate the kidneys to increase the secretion of urine to rid the body of excess sodium and water. These medications are administered to treat hypertension and heart failure by reducing the amount of fluid circulating in the bood.
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electrocardiogram
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a record of the electrical adtivity of the myocardium
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embolism
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sudden blockage of a blood vessle by an embolus. Often named for the causative factor (air embolism/fat embolism).
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embolus
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foreign object (quantity of air, gas, or a bit of tissue or tumor that is circulating in the blood).
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endocarditis
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inflammation of the inner lining of the heart.
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erythrocytes
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(red blood cells/RBC's); are mature red blood cells produced by the red bone marrow. Primary role is to transport oxygen to the tissues (oxy. transported by hemoglobin).
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hemoglobin
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The iron-containing pigment of the erythrocytes that transports oxygen.
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hemolytic anemia
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condition of an inadequate number of circulating red blood cells due to the premature destruction of red blood cells by the spleen.
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hemostasis
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means to stop or control bleeding. Can be accomblished by the formation of a blood clot by the body or through the external application of pressure to block the flow of blood.
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ischemic heart disease
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a group of cardiac disabilities reulting from an insufficient supply of oxygenated blood to the heart. These diseases are usually associated with coronary artery disease. Ischemic means pertaining to the disruption of the blood.
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leukemia
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a type of cancer characterized by a progressive increase in the number of abnormal leukocytes found in blood forming tissues, other organs, and in the circulating blood
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leukocytes
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(white blood cells/WBC); blood cells involved in defending the body against infective organisms and foreign substances.
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leukopenia
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any situation in which the total number of leukocytes in the circulating blood in less than normal. This condition places patients at an increased risk of infection.
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megaloblastic anemia
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blood disorder characterized by anemin in which the red blood cells are larger than norma. This condition usually results from a deficiency of folic acid, or vitamin B12.
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myelodysplastic syndrome
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previously known as Preleukemia; group of disorders characterized by insufficient production of one or more blood cells due to dysfunction of the bone marrow.
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myocardial infarction
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(heart attack); occlusion (total blockage) of one or more coronary arteries caused by a plaque buildup.
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orthostatic hypotension
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(postural hypotension); low blood pressure that occurs upon standing up.
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paryoxysmal atrial tachycardia
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(PAT); episode that begins and ends abruptly, during which there are very rapid and regular heartbeats that originate in the atrium. Caused by an abnormality in the body's electrical system.
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pericardium
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(Pericardial Sac); double-walled membranous sac that encloses the heart.
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pernicious anemia
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caused by lack of the protein intriscic factor (IF), that helps the body absorb B12 from the gastrointestinal tract.
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phlebitis
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inflammation of a vein
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Raynaud's Phenomenon
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peripheral arterial occlusive disease in which intermittent attacks are triggered by cold or stress. The symptoms (due to constricted circulation) include pallor, cyanosis, redness of fingers and toes.
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septicemia
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(formerly blood poisioning); systemic condition caused by the spread of microorganisms and their toxins via the circulating blood.
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sickle cell anemia
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genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in some red blood cells assuming an abnormal sickle shape. This interferes with normal blood flow, and results in damage to most body systems.
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thallium stress test
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preformed to evaluate how well blood flows through the coronary arteries of the heart muscle during excercise.
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tachycardia
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abnormally rapid resting heart rate (>100 bpm).
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thrombocytopedia
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condition in which there is an abnormally small number of platelets circulating in the blood. This condition is somtimes associated with abnormal bleeding.
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thrombolytic
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(clot-busting drug); dissolves or causes a thrombus to break-up.
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thrombotic occlusion
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the blocking of an artery by a thrombus.
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thrombosis
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the abnormal condition of having a thrombus.
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transfusion reaction
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a serious and potentially fatal, complication of a bood transfusion in which a severe immune response occurrs because the patient's blood and the donated blood do not match.
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valvulitis
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inflammation of the heart valve.
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varicose veins
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abnormally swollen veins, usually occurring in the supericial veins of the legs. They occur when the valves in the veins malfunction and allow blood to pool & causes them to enlarge.
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ventricular fibrillation
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(v Fib); the rapid, irregular, and useless contractions of the ventricles. Instead of pumping strongly, the hear muscle quivers ineffectivel. This condition is the cause of many sudden cardiac deaths.
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ventricular tachycardia
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(V tach); a very rapid heart-beat that begins with the ventricles. This condition is potentially fatal becaue the heart is beading so rapidly that it is unable to adequately pump blood through the body. This can be controlled wtih an implantable cardoiverter defibrillator.
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