The Heart Nad Circulatory System

chambers: top atria = gather blood from the body or lungs

bortom ventricles = pump vlood on to the body or lungs

prevent backflow of bloodd

1. vena cava - carries deoxygenated blood back from the body

2. pulmonary artery - carries deoxygenated bloos to the lungs

3. pulmonary veins - brings oxygenated blood back from the lungs

4. aorta - artery carrying oxygenated blood to the body

supplies the heart muscle itself with oxygenated blood.

body - vena cava - right atrium - right ventricle - lungs - pulmonary vein - left atrium - left venrricle - aorta - body

- plasma (yellow fluid)

- red blood cells

-white blood cells

- yellow fluid

- transports dissolved nutrients such as glucose and amino acids around the body

- transports red blood cells and white blood cells

- contain protein Haemoglobin

haemoglobin helps RBC's transport o2 around the body

- biconcave in shape and have no nucleus

- this means they can transport o2 effecientlt in the form of oxyhaemoglobin

OXYGEN(picked up in the lungs) - HAEMOGLOBIN = OXYHAEMOGLOBIN (taken to body)

- part of the immune system

- involved in destroying pathogens

- 2 examples of WBC's are Phagocytes and Lymphocytes

carry out phagocytosis by engilfing pathogens

once the phagocyte has engulfed the oathogen it destroys it by digesting the pathogen.

some lymohocytes produce antibodies which destroy pathogens

each antibody is specifix to a particular pathogen

blood is pumped around the body by the heart and blood vessels.

THREE TYPES OF VESSEL: arteries,

veins, capillaries

- carry blood away from the heart

- thick wall to withstand the high pressures

- it has a pulse

- carry blood to the heart

- thinner wall with lower pressures

- has valves

-allows materials to move out of them and into body cells- 1celled thick walls to allow materials to get in and put easilt -materials are small and soluble, such as: o2, glucose, xo2 and h2o

- o2 and nutrients from digested food must be absorbed into the bloodstream- the bloodstream then delivers the small soluble molecules to body cells for respiration

- air (o2 travels down trachea)- into the bronchi- then into the nronchiolws- then the alveoli- from here, the o2 difduses rhrough the membrane of the alveoli and into the blood capillaries- capillaries join ti form the pulmonary bein- this takes oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heatt- co2 travels in the opposite direction

- air (o2 travels down trachea)- into the bronchi- then into the nronchiolws- then the alveoli- from here, the o2 difduses rhrough the membrane of the alveoli and into the blood capillaries- capillaries join ti form the pulmonary bein- this takes oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heatt- co2 travels in the opposite direction

- air (o2 travels down trachea)- into the bronchi- then into the nronchiolws- then the alveoli- from here, the o2 difduses rhrough the membrane of the alveoli and into the blood capillaries- capillaries join ti form the pulmonary bein- this takes oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heatt- co2 travels in the opposite direction

- air (o2 travels down trachea)- into the bronchi- then into the nronchiolws- then the alveoli- from here, the o2 difduses rhrough the membrane of the alveoli and into the blood capillaries- capillaries join ti form the pulmonary bein- this takes oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heatt- co2 travels in the opposite direction

- air (o2 travels down trachea)- into the bronchi- then into the nronchiolws- then the alveoli- from here, the o2 difduses rhrough the membrane of the alveoli and into the blood capillaries- capillaries join ti form the pulmonary bein- this takes oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heatt- co2 travels in the opposite direction

- air (o2 travels down trachea)- into the bronchi- then into the nronchiolws- then the alveoli- from here, the o2 difduses rhrough the membrane of the alveoli and into the blood capillaries- capillaries join ti form the pulmonary bein- this takes oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heatt- co2 travels in the opposite direction

- air (o2 travels down trachea)- into the bronchi- then into the nronchiolws- then the alveoli- from here, the o2 difduses rhrough the membrane of the alveoli and into the blood capillaries- capillaries join ti form the pulmonary bein- this takes oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heatt- co2 travels in the opposite direction

- air (o2 travels down trachea)- into the bronchi- then into the nronchiolws- then the alveoli- from here, the o2 difduses rhrough the membrane of the alveoli and into the blood capillaries- capillaries join ti form the pulmonary bein- this takes oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heatt- co2 travels in the opposite direction

- air (o2 travels down trachea)- into the bronchi- then into the nronchiolws- then the alveoli- from here, the o2 difduses rhrough the membrane of the alveoli and into the blood capillaries- capillaries join ti form the pulmonary bein- this takes oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heatt- co2 travels in the opposite direction