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4 Cards in this Set
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What were the terms of the treaty of Versailles? |
1.Territorial losses (70,000km2+ lost) -Alsace-Lorraine be returned to France -Polish Corridor (W. Prussia and a bit of Pomerania) given to poland. -Danzig (City with the largest German population) became a free state -Germany lost 75% of Iron and 26% Coal 2.Disarmament of Germany: -Army limited to 100,000 nd conscription banned. -Air force forbidden -Navy limited to 15k 3. War guilt (Artical 231 - Germany resposible for war, justified payment of 6.6bn in reparations) 4.Rhineland demilitarised and occupied by allies 5. Saarland temporarily placed under League of Nation's control. 6. Austria forbidden fromuniting with Germany 7. Germany banned from joining the league of nations. |
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What was the German reactions to the treaty? |
-Treaty was regarded as 'dictated peace' as Germany wasn't allowed to cooperate as they couldn't see the terms until 7th May and would lead to universal resentment at the harsh terms. -Wilson's 14th points stressed the importance of national self-determination, countries choosing who they are governed by, yet Germany wouldn't be allowed to join with Austria. -'War guilt' seen as an unjust national humiliation. Germans beleived they were forced into the war by the llies, who attempted to encircle them. -Many felt that reparations were too high, and rejected the 'war guilt clause' which justified the reparations -Allied occupation angered German nationalists -Disarming of Germany and its exclusion from the League of Nation was seen as unjust discrimination. |
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What were the German reactions based on unrealistic expectations |
-Wilson's 14 points made it clear that Alsace-Lorraine wouldbe returned to france and a new polish state would be created. -Clemenceau, the PM of France, would have been harsher (For exmaple, they would have annexed Saar coalfields, created an independent Rhineland to ensure that Germany was no longer a threat.) -Reparations wasn't beyond their capacity to pay. -Germany war aims equally harsh - wouldimpose harsh reparations on Allies, annex enemy terroitory, expand their Empire. |
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What would be the Allies reaction to the treaty? |
British Retions - David Lloyd George (British PM) wanted Germny to become a strong trading partner, and privately feared that they would be too weak to resist expansion of the USSR. French Reaction -French felt that during the 'Great war' they had suffered the most, with their country being used as the battleground, and so felt the Allies were too lenient. US reaction -Widespread opinion believed that the treaty was too harsh and that it was simply used to enrich Britain and France. -Congress refused to ratify the treay, meaning a separate peace deal was made, and USA refused to join L.O.N - Retreated from involvement in European affairs. |
