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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Moral relativism |
right/wrong, good/bad is variable and relative depending on the person, circumstance/social situation |
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Cultural relativism |
moral standards are a product of culture; what is right in one culture may be wrong in another; morality changes through time |
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Secular humanism |
“A search for viable individual, social and political principles of ethical conduct, judging them on their ability to enhance human well-being and individual responsibility” |
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Virtue Ethics |
- Happiness is achieved through the development of “good habits” |
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Golden mean |
neither excess nor deficiency; seeks to develop individual character; a good person will make a good decision |
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Hedonism |
- What brings pleasure to an individual is what is good |
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Ethical Egoism |
Focuses on the pursuit of self-interest in human conduct |
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Consequentialism |
AKA Theological Ethics - Outcome-based - “telos” which means end or goal |
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Utilitarianism |
AKA Universal Hedonism - The greatest good/happiness for the greatest number of people |
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Deontology |
- The good is found in the action itself and not based on its consequences or results |
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Kantian Ethics |
By Immanuel Kant – “act as if the principle on which your action is based were to become a universal law of nature” |
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Determinism |
- Everything is caused and determined by previously existing causes that preclude free will and the possibility that humans would have acted otherwise -examples are Fatalism & Stoicism |
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Theonomous Ethics |
- Morality and religion go together |
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Divine command |
Being good is doing whatever a sacred text tells you |
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Christian Ethics |
Looking at the person of Christ as the norm of all thoughts and actions |
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Absolutism |
-Not limited by exceptions/restrictions -Not to be doubled/questioned – positive, certain and unconditional |
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Cultural Absolutism |
there exists moral absolutes that don’t vary from culture to culture |
