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111 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In tooth development, the interacation between 2 different tissues, the oral epithelial cells and the mesenchymal cells, begins the
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- initiation stage of tooth development
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the two tissues that interact to begin the initiation stage of tooth development are the
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- Oral epithelial cells and the mesenchymal cells
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The stages of tooth development are
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- Initiation
- Bud - Cap - Bell |
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Inner Enamel Epithelium (IEE) differentiate into _______
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ameloblasts
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ameloblasts are
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- enamel forming cells
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Outer Enamel Epithelium (OEE) function to
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organize a network of capillaries that will bring nutrition to the ameloblasts
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Outer Enamel Epithelium (OEE) are
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outer cuboidal cells of the Enamel Organ (EO) that cover the Enamel Organ (EO) as a protective mechanism
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The inner layer of the rooth sheath forms from the ______ or _______ in the crown and ________ is produced. In the root these cells induce __________ of the dental papilla to differentiate to form ___________.
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- inner enamel epithelium (IEE)
- ameloblasts - enamel - ondontoblasts - dentin |
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This area produces new cells needed for root lengthening
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Pulp proliferation zone
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Encircles the apical opening of the dental pulp during root development. It is the proliferation of these cells that causes root growth to occur
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Epithelial diaphram
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Structure most responsible for root formation
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cervical loop
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Root development occurs _______ crown completely shaped and after root forms it promotes _________.
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- after
- eruption |
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Complex pit and groove patterns on occlusal surface of permanent posterior teeth can make them susceptible to caries due to
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- increased bacterial plaque biofilm retention
-weakness of enamel forming walls of pits/grooves |
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Root dentin formation occurs upon differentiation induction of outer cells of dental papilla in root area & become _________
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- odontoblasts
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After disintegration of rooth sheath, its cells may become
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Epithelial rests of Malassez (ERM)
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Upon dentin formation completion, a portion of basement membrane disintegrates as does the entire
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Hertwigs Epithelial Root Sheath (HERS)
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after odontoblastic differentiation in root area, these cells undergo _______ and begin to secrete _________.
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- dentinogenesis
- predentin |
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As in crown, __________ is located between IEE or sheath and odontoblasts in root area
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basement membrane
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Accounts for root enamel absence
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lack of stellate reticulum
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Cementoblasts move to cover root dentin area & undergo _______, laying down ________ (matrix)
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- cementogenesis
- cementoid |
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many cementoblasts become entrapped by ________ becoming mature ___________
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- cementum
- cementocytes |
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When crown is completed, the cells in this region of the enamel organ continue to grow forming a double layer of cells termed the ___________ or _________
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- epithelial root sheath
- Hertwigs epithelial root sheath (HERS) |
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_______ stage - laying down of dentin
_______ stage - calcification |
- Apposition
- Maturation |
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5 stages of amelogenesis
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- morphogenesis
- organization & differentiation - secretion - Maturation - Protection |
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Amelogenesis begins the
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enamel process. Ameloblasts begin to deposit enamel after a few micrometers of dentin have been deposited to the CEJ
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Odontoblastic process counterpart
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Tomes' process
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With enamel matrix in contact with the predentin, mineralization of disintegrating membrane now occurs forming the
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DEJ
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Enamel matrix secreted from here
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Tomes' process
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Tapered portion of each ameloblast that faces disentegrating basement membrane
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Tomes' process
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Apposition of enamel matrix
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ameloblasts
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Odontoblasts leave attached cellular extensions in length called ______
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Odontoblastic process
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Mesenchymal cells form the
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dental papilla, which becomes dentin & pulp
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Dental papilla becomes
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dentin & pulp
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Oral epithelial cells form/become
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the enamel organ (EO) and remain attached to dental lamina
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Teeth develop from ____ types of cells: ________ cells & _______ cells
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- 2
- Oral epithelial - mesenchymal |
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Enamel develops from the
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enamel organ (EO)
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Dentin forms from the
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Dental papilla
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Oral Epithelium (OE) is derived from the
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ectoderm
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In addition to Oral Epithelium (OE) cells & mesenchymal cells, the _________ cells also contribute to tooth development
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neural crest
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Ectomesenchyme is derived from
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ectoderm
**these cells are deep to OE |
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1st sign of tooth formation is _______ & this happens around week _______
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- dental lamina
- 7 |
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_____________ seperates OE & ectomesenchyme
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Basement membrane
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__________ cells also function in the development of the salivary glands, bone, cartilage, nerves and muscles of face
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neural crest
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20 areas of enlargement appear on the leading edge of lamina and form _________ for the 20 _________ teeth.
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- tooth buds
- primary |
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Permanent molars form from the ______ lamina. They develop _________ the primary dentition.
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- general
- behind |
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Tissue surrounding enamel organ (EO) & the dental papilla
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Dental sac or dental follicle
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Weeks ____ - primary dentiton; Week _____-initiation for permanent anterior dentition
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- 9-10
-10 |
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_______ - permanent dentition formed after primary predecessors
_______ - no primary predecessors |
- Succedaneous
- Non-succedaneous |
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Succedaneous teeth include _________; eruption may be ______ to primary predecessors roots if not fully shed/lost.
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- anterior teeth & premolars
- lingual |
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Non-succedaneous teeth included ___________.
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Permanent molars
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Dentin forming cells
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Odontoblasts
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_____________ always precedes _____________
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- Dentinogenesis
-Amelogenesis |
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After EO (enamel organ) is differentiated, ____________ disintegrates by undergoing lysis.
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Dental lamina
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Cells of the dental papilla are found on close examination to be __________ & appear to be in a delicate reticulum.
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fibroblasts
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Central cells of the dental papilla
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Pulp primordium
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Densely packed cells characterize the
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Dental papilla
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Odontoblast differentiate after IEE (Inner Enamel Epithelium) differentiate into ___________
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preameloblasts
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Outer cells of dental papilla induced by __________ to differentiate into ___________
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- ameloblasts
- odontoblasts |
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The leading edge of the lamina that continues to grow to develop the permanent teeth which succeed the 20 primary teeth.
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Successional lamina
(Successional dental lamina) |
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4th layer in the enamel organ; adjacent to IEE (between stellate & IEE)
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Stratum intermedium
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cells interact through a system of effectors, modulators and receptors called
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cell signaling
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_______ changes result in formation of hard shell around central papilla which becomes known as pulp
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cellular
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a process where a process develops at the proximal ends of the cell adjacent to the DEJ & the cell gradually moves pulpward
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Dentinogenesis
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initial formation of dentin at the cuspal tips and the vascularization of the pulp. The dental follicular cells are differentiating around the enamel organ and alveolar bone proper is beginning to define the dental crypt
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Dentinogenesis
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The _______ matrix is first meshwork of collagen fibers, but within 24 hours becomes calcified. It is called ______ before calcification and ______ after calcification
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- dentinal
- predentin - dentin |
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begins the enamel process
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Amelogenesis
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________ begin the enamel process after a few micrometers of dentin have been deposited to DEJ
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ameloblasts
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As the ameloblast differentiates the enamel matrix is synthesized within the ______ which then migrates to the ______ where it is condensed and packaged in membrane bound granules
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- RER
- Golgi's apparatus |
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During the secretion phase of amelogenesis, short conical processes called _________ develop at the apical end of the ameloblasts
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Tome's processes
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Junctional complexes calle the ___________ appear at the junction of the cell bodies and Tome's process and maintain contact between adjacent cells
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- Terminal bar apparatus
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As amelogenesis proceeds, both of the cell layers are held together by cell junctional complexes termed
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demosomes
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When ameloblasts begin secretion the overlying cells of stratum intermedium change shape from _____ to ______
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- spindle
- pyramidal |
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_____ stage of amelogenesis occurs after enamel production is complete
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Maturation
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As amelogenesis is completed, _______ is deposited and the matrix beings to mineralize
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amelogenin
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70% of mineral growth in enamel is a result of growth of the ________
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crystals
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During maturation process of amelogenesis, the protien of the enamel changes or matures and is termed
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enamelin
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as the ameloblast completes the matrix deposition phase, it ________ disspears and the surface enamel becomes smooth
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terminal bar apparatus
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Substances needed for enamel production arrive via the blood vessels and pass thru the stellate reticulum to the stratum intermedium and ameloblasts. In this manner the protein _________ is produced
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amelogenin
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Closing of maturation stage in amelogenesis
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protection stage
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stage of amelogenesis characterized by plaque formation and attachment
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protection stage
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ameloblasts secrete basal lamina against enemal surface and establish
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hemidesmosomes
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_________ is half of a demosome attachment of plaque; it relates to the attachment of a cell to a surface membrane
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hemidesmosomes
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Ameloblasts protect the enamel from cellular influences of the
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follicular connective tissue
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The ameloblast shorten and contact the _________ and other enamel epithelium, which fuse together to form the reduced enamel epithelium
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stratum intermedium
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Final stage of tooth deveolpment
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Apposition
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Stage of tooth development when things fully mineralize
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Maturation
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In ________ stage of tooth development, Enamel, Dentin, cementum are secreted in successive layers
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Apposition
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Crown formation: tooth development begins in _______ and proceeds to ______
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- crown
- root |
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________ and _______ both undergo repolarization
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-preameloblasts
-odontoblasts |
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_________ induce dental papilla cells to differentiate
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preameloblasts
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_______ will differentiate into cells that secrete enamel matrix
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preameloblasts
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________ differentiation is after IEE differentiate into ________
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- odontoblasts
- preameloblasts |
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after differentiation of ondontoblasts from outer cells of dental papilla and their formation of predentin, basement membrane between preameloblasts and odontoblasts ___________
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disintegrates
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The _____ starts to form in place of basement membrane
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DEJ
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The disintigration of the basement membrane allows the __________ to come into contact with newly formed _______ inducing preameloblast to differentiate into ________
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- preameloblasts
- predentin - ameloblasts |
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Enamel matrix is secreted from
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Tome's process
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After enamel apposition ceases in crown area of each primary or permanent tooth, ameloblasts place an _________ dental cuticle on new enamel surface
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acellular
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during active erruption, layers of enamel organ are compressed, forming
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reduced enamel epithelium (REE)
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REE apears as
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a few layers of flattened cells overlying enamel surface
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The coronal portion of fused epithelial tissue that peels back off the crown as it erupts and stays attached to neck of tooth later replaced by
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junctional epithelium
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creates seal between tissue and tooth surface
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junctional epithelium
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residue on newly erupted teeth that may leave extrinsic stains
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Nasmyth's membrane
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__________ is fused tissue of REE on OE as well as denticle cuticle placed by ameloblasts on new enamel surface
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Nasmyth's membrane
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As teeth develop, so does the
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alveolar bone
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__________ of the dental sace also begins to mineralize to form tooth sockets or alveoli of alveolar bone surrounding PDL
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ectomesenchyme
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_________ forms the cortical plate which covers the mandible
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Supporting bone
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Alveolar bone proper line the tooth socket, sustained by supporting bone, which is composed of
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both spongy and dense or compact bone
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cells of the dentle follicle differentiate inot collagen forming cells of the ligament and form ________ which lay cemtenum on tooth roots
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cementoblasts
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__________ from dental sac begins to form PDL adajacent to newly formed cementum
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Ectomesenchyme
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mesenchymal cells surrounding the teeth are known as the
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dental follicle
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some of the follicular cells, which lie immediately adjacent to the enamel organ, migrate during the cap and bell stages from the enamel organ peripherally into the follicle to develop the _________ and the ___________
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the alveolar bone and the periodontal ligament
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