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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Constitution
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document that set out the laws, principles, organization, and processes of a government
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bill of rights
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written list of freedoms that a government promises to protect
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execute
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carry out
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Articles of Confederation
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first American constitution, passed in 1777, which created a loose alliance of 13 independent states
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cede
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to give up
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currency
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money
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Land Ordinance of 1785
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law setting us a system for settling the Northwest Territory
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Northwest Ordinance
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a 1787 article that set up a government for the Northwest Territory, guaranteed basic rights to settlers, and outlawed slavery there
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depression
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period when business activity slows, prices and wages fall, and unemployment rises
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Shays' Rebellion
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a 1786 revolt in Massachusetts led by farmers in reaction to high taxes
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Constitutional Convention
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gathering of state representative on May 25, 1887, to revise the Articles of Confederation
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Virginia Plan
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plan at the Constitutional Convention, favored by larger states, that called for a strong
national government with three branches and two-chamber legislature |
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legilative branch
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branch of government that passes laws
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executive branch
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branch of government that carries out laws
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judicial branch
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branch of government that decide if laws are carried out fairly
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New Jersey Plan
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plan at the Constitutional Convention, favored by smaller states, that called for three branches of government with a single chamber legislature
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compromise
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settlements in which each side gives up some of its demands in order to reach an agreement
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Great Compromise
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plan at the Constitutional Convention that settled the differences between large and small states
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Three-Fifths Compromise
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agreement at the Constitutional Convention that three fifths of the slaves in any state be counted in its population
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Founding Fathers
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James Madison, Thomas Jefferson, and other leaders who laid the groundwork for the United States
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Republic
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system of government in which citizens choose representatives to make laws for them
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dictatorship
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government in which one person or a small group holds complete authority
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Magna Carta
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signed in 1215, a British document that contains two basic ideas: Monarchs themselves have to obey the laws, and citizens have basic rights
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English Bill of Rights
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a 1689 document that guaranteed the rights of English citizens
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habeas corpus
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the right that no person can be held in prison without first being charged with a specific crime
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separation of powers
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principle by which the powers of government are divided among separate branches
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Federalist
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supporters of the Constitution, who favored a strong federal, or national government
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Anti-federalist
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people who opposed the Constitution and a strong national government
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The Federalist Papers
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series of essays by Federalists, James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay in support of ratifying the Constitution
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amend
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change
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Bill of Rights
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first 10 amendments to the United States Constitution
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