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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are hydrocarbons?
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Organic comping that contain carbon and hydrogen only
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What is a saturated hydrocarbon?
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A hydrocarbon with single bonds only
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What is an unsaturated hydrocarbon?
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A hydrocarbon containing carbon to carbon multiple bonds.
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What is an aliphatic hydrocarbon?
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A hydrocarbon with carbon atoms joined together in straight or branched chains
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What is an alicyclic hydrocarbon?
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A hydrocarbon with carbon atoms joined together in a ring structure
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Why can carbon form so many compounds?
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A carbon atom can form bonds witb other carbon atoms to make chains and rings.
A carbon atom can form a single double or triple bond to another carbon atom. A carbon atom can bond with atoms of other elements such as oxygen hydrogen nitrogen phosphorus and the halogens. |
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Give an example of hydrocarbons
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Methane CH4
Ethane C2H6 |
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Give examples of saturated hydrocarbons
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Propane C3H8
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Give examples of unsaturated hydrocarbons
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Ethene C2H4
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What is a functional group?
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The part of the organic molecule responsible for its chemical reactions
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What is a homologous series?
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A series of organic compounds with the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH2
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What are alkanes?
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The homologous series with the general formula CnH2n+2
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What are the properties of a homologous series?
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They contain the same functional group
They have similar chemical properties Each successive member of a homologous series differs by one carbon and two hydrogen atoms. |
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Describe the bonding in alkanes
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Alkanes are saturated straight chained hydrocarbons with single carbon to carbon bonds. Each carbon atom is bonded to four other atoms and has a tetrahedral shape with a bond angle of 109.5°.
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Name the first 10 alkanes and give their formula
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1.Methane CH4
2.Ethane C2H6 3.Propane C3H8 4.Butance C4H10 5.Pentance C5H12 6.Hexane C6H14 7.Heptane C7H16 8.Octane C8H18 9.Nonane C9H20 10.Decane C10H22 |