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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Background Light
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General lighting on the set behind the talent.
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Back Light
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A highly directional light coming from above and behind a subject, adding highlights, shape, and separation from the background.
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Barn Doors
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Movable metal shutters attached to the front of a lighting instrument used to limit the area of the projected light.
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Base Light
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The overall illumination of an image, based on the minimum amount of light needed for a camera to operate.
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Batten
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A lightweight metal or plastic pipe that can be attached to others using joiners and supporting mechanisms to create a grid on which lights can be hung; some battens and grids can be lowered to allow lights to be hung and adjusted at floor level before being raised back up to the ceiling.
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Broad
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A rectangular floodlight.
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Cameo Lighting
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A type of lighting where the performer is lit but the background is not. |
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Catwalk |
A structure above or around a lighting grid on which technicians can crawl to position lights. |
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C-clamp |
A metal clamp with a pivot adjustment for attaching lighting instruments to a lighting grid. |
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C-stand |
A c-shaped mounting used to place a flag-sized piece of material in front of a light to achieve a particular visual effect. |
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Chroma Key
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A special effect in which a designated color (usually green or blue) is used as a key to determine what picture information is to be cut out of the picture with the foreground image.
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Color Temperature
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The relative reddish or bluish quality of a light source, as measured in degrees Kelvin.
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Contrast Ratio
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The relationship of the brightest area to the darkest area in a given camera shot, as determined by reflected light readings.
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Cookie
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A metal or wooden cutout pattern that is placed in front of a spotlight to produce a shadow effect on a scenic background.
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Creative Light
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Lighting that enhances the mood, style, and perspective of an object or scene and that can reveal shape and focus attention.
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Cross-keying
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A lighting technique that uses one light for several purposes, such as a key light and a backlight.
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Cucalorus |
A metal or wooden cutout pattern that is placed in front of a spotlight to produce a shadow effect on a scenic background. |
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Cyclorama |
A large, continuous, smooth backing, usually made of cloth, that may cover two or three walls of a studio. |
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Dimmer Board |
A lighting control unit, operated on the same principle as a rheostat, that determines the intensity of a light by controlling the amount of electric current flowing to the instrument. |
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Dimmer Circuit |
One fader of a dimmer board that brings up one or several lights. |
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Director of Photography |
A lighting director who commonly works in field production. |
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DMX
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A popular lighting control protocol used with a dimmer board.
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Ellipsoidal
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A spotlight with a reflecting mirror at the back of the housing that enables it to create a very directional, well-defined beam.
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Ellipsoidal |
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Fader Bar |
A handle unit on a video switcher that allows the operator to change manually from one bus to another. |
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Fill Light |
An unfocused and diffused light used to complement the key light, coming from the side opposite the key to fill in dark areas and soften shadows. |
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Flag |
A rectangular cloth-covered or metal frame placed in front of a lighting instrument to produce a precise shadow on one side of the light beam. |
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Flat Lighting |
A general lighting throughout a set that does not create many shadows. |
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Floodlight |
A lamp fixture that creates diffused light covering a wide area. |
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Floor Stand |
A stand that holds a light.
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Follow Spot |
A light of high intensity that is most commonly used to follow a performer as he or she moves around a stage area. |
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Foot-candle |
A unit of light measurement equivalent to the amount of light falling upon a surface one foot away from a standard candle. |
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Fresnel |
A light with a well-defined lens; the beam width is varied as the bulb is moved toward or away from the lens. |
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Fresnel
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Gel |
A thin, translucent, colored material that can be mounted in front of lighting instruments to produce specific color effects. |
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Gobo
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A patterned metal cutout inserted between the bulb and the end glass of an ellipsoidal light, which casts the pattern onto the set.
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Gobo
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Cookie |
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Cucoloris |
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High-frequency Fluorescent Lamp |
A low-energy, long-lasting light that puts out reds, greens, and blues in a consistent manner to produce 3,200 K or 5,500 K light that oscillates between 25,000 and 40,000 cycles per second. |
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High-intensity Discharge Lamp
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A 5,600 K light that is more efficient than tungsten lights.
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High-key Lighting
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Lighting that is generally bright and even, with a low key-to-fill ratio.
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High-speed Fluorescent Lamp
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A low-energy, long-lasting light that puts out reds, greens, and blues in a consistent manner to produce 3,200 K or 5,500 K light that oscillates between 25,000 and 40,000 cycles per second.
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HMI
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A hydrargyrum medium-arc-length iodide lamp that is balanced for daylight and is often used outdoors as a supplement to the light from the sun.
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Incident Light
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Light coming directly from the source of illumination.
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Inverse Square Law
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A principle of physics that states that when the distance between a light (or an audio source) and its point of perception is reduced by half, its intensity will be increased fourfold.
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Kelvin
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The scale of measurement used to measure the frequency of a light wave, which determines its color temperature.
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Key Light
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The primary source of illumination falling on a subject that is highly directional and produces a definite modeling or shaping effect with well-defined shadows.
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Kicker
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Additional light, usually a spotlight, coming from the side and slightly to the rear of the subject.
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Kook
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A metal or wooden cutout pattern that is placed in front of a spotlight to produce a shadow effect on a scenic background.
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Light Meter
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A photoelectric device that measures in foot-candles the amount of light falling on a specific area.
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Light Plot
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A floor plan that indicates the lighting requirements— location, type, and function of each instrument— for every staging area in the studio.
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Light Emitting Diode
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An electron tube that puts out light. Series of LEDs may be used as indicators of sound volume.
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Lighting Director
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The person who oversees the lighting of the set and makes lighting changes, if they are needed, during production.
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Limbo Lighting
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A type of lighting where the performer is seen clearly, but the background appears to be vague or nondescript.
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Low-key Lighting
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Lighting that is dark and shadowy with a high key-to-fill ratio.
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Non-dimmer Circuit
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A switch that turns a light off and on but cannot adjust its brightness.
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Open-face Spot
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A light housing that is generally round but does not have a lens on the front.
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Pan
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A rectangular floodlight.
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Patch Bay
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A board with numerous terminals (inputs and outputs) through which various audio, video, or lighting signals can be connected by patch cords to other channels or circuits.
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Patch Board
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A board with numerous terminals (inputs and outputs) through which various audio, video, or lighting signals can be connected by patch cords to other channels or circuits.
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Pinned
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Describes rays of a spotlight focused into a narrow beam of intense light.
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Quartz Lamp
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A lamp with a tungsten filament and halogen gas in a quartz or silica housing.
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Quartz-halogen Lamp
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A lamp with a tungsten filament and halogen gas in a quartz or silica housing.
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Reflected Light
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Light bounced back from the surface of an object.
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Safety Chain
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A steel chain on a lamp housing that should always be attached to the lighting grid so that the housing will not fall if it comes loose from its mounting.
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Scoop
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A floodlight that contains a single bulb in a bowl shaped metal reflector.
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Scoop
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Scrim
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A translucent filter, often made of fiberglass or fine screening, used in front of either a spotlight or a floodlight to soften and diffuse the light quality.
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Set Light
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General lighting on the scenery or other background behind the talent.
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Silhouette Effect
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A type of lighting where the background is lit but the performers are not.
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Snoot
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A circular metal object placed in front of a light to pinpoint the light onto a particular area of the set.
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Softlight
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A lamp that has the bulb positioned in such a way that the light is reflected on the back of the lamp housing before leaving the fixture.
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Spotlight
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A concentrated light that covers a narrow area; it usually provides some means for varying the angle of the illumination by moving the bulb within the housing.
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Spot Meter
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A type of light meter that measures the amount of reflected light coming from a small, specific area.
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Spread
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To focus the rays of a Fresnel spotlight to a relatively wide area so that the light is less intense than when the light is in the pinned position.
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Strip Lights
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A series of pan lights or low-wattage bulbs mounted in a row of three to 12 lights in one housing, used as a specialized floodlight for lighting a cyclorama or other large background area.
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Three-point Lighting
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The traditional lighting setup that incorporates a key, a fill, and a backlight.
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Triangular Lighting
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The traditional lighting setup that incorporates a key, a fill, and a backlight.
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Trim
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To make final adjustments on lights.
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Tungsten-halogen Lamp
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A lamp with a tungsten filament and halogen gas in a quartz or silica housing.
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Variable Spotlight
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A light housing that is generally round but does not have a lens on the front.
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