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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Space |
The frame in which an image is located. - continuous & infinite |
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Volume |
enclosed space (inside of a building) |
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Mass |
Outside |
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Does seeing = believing? What else does it involve? |
Seeing is MORE than believing. - it involves the mind & eyes |
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An image is ______ ? |
A collection of signs |
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Semiotics |
The study/science of signs (iconic, indexical, symbolic) |
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iconic (semiotic) |
image/ direct resemblance (photograph/ statue) |
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indexical (semiotic) |
Logical common sense connection (smoke = fire / fever = virus) |
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Symbolic (semiotic) |
No logical connection-- have to learn symbols (cross = believer of God / swoosh = Nike) |
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What do dots, lines, shapes, form have to do with visual images? |
They all have expressive qualities |
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Dots |
- Demand attention - Two dots cause tension - More than two dots = pointillism |
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Lines |
-control vision -create unity - develop an understanding and meaning |
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Shapes |
combination of dots and lines to form patterns |
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Form |
-the shape of an object -defines the outside edges of an object (dots, lines, shapes) |
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Huxley's formula for the visual process |
sensing + selecting + perceiving = seeing |
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Visual events are an interaction of what primary elements? |
1) technology/medium 2) sign 3) viewer |
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Texture gradients |
Noticeable changes of our retinal image of the density of a pattern or texture of the image we are looking at. Ex. Linear Perspective -- "vanishing point" |
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Why is it important to understand the principals of visual communication? |
media tend to represent each group according to narrow cultural views that are traditional, limiting, and unrealistic. |
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What are the 4 types of perspective? |
1) Linear 2) Atmospheric/ Ariel 3) Isometric 4) Shifting |
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Linear Perspective |
create what your eyes can see right now |
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Atmospheric/ Ariel Perspective |
changing color, value & detail |
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Isometric Perspective |
parallel lines remain parallel (parallelogram) |
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Shifting Perspective |
Shift between foreground and background |
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* Emotional Perspective |
Different levels of meaning |
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Symmetrical Balance |
having equal "weight" on both sides of an image -balance |
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Asymmetrical |
Unbalanced |
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Condensed Code |
combining several signs to form a new message (Ex. music videos) |
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Analogical Code |
Paper company advertising paper products (Ex. Cartoons) |
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Displaced Code |
Sexual Shapes (Ex. airplanes, rockets) |
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Metonymic Code |
Make a relationship between things |
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Petroglyphs |
carvings or inscriptions incised by stone tools upon cliff walls, boulders, or flat bedrock surfaces |
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Pictographs |
prehistoric drawings or paintings made with the finger |
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Concerns/issues of stereotyping with regard to visual communication |
-remember more favorable info about in-groups & retain more unfavorable info about out-groups -stereotypes cause us to disregard differences individuals may have that set them apart from the stereotyped group |
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Concerns/issues of stereotyping with regard to visual communication (continued)
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- w/ stereotyping, we create expectations, assume they are valid & behave as if they had occurred instead of responding to the actual communication of individuals
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Depth |
The distance between a viewers eyes and any point in the visual field |
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How can depth be achieved? |
Overlapping or vertical placement |
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The binocular vision range possible for humans |
140 Degrees |
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Binocular disparity |
Difference between what image is formed with your left eye & what image is formed with your right eye |
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Motion Parallax |
continuous changes in the position of your eyes in real world vision |
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Alberti's window represents... |
Perspective |
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Figure shapes |
dominant shapes |
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Ground shapes |
Background areas |
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Figure-ground reversals |
dominant shapes and background shapes together |
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How much of our information is gained visually? |
more than 80% |
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Occlusion |
When the view of part of one object is blocked by another object |
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What are the 3 most basic shapes? |
Circle, triangle, paralellogram |
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Most common mediated shape? |
Rectangle |
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Da Vinci's: The Last Supper |
Linear perspective |
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Bette Saar's: The Liberation of Aunt Jemima |
negative racial stereotypes (clenched fist = black power movement) |
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Paul Klee's: Landscape with Yellow Bird |
line, shape, mass, space, time, motion, color, texture & light
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Escher's: Sky and Water |
shapes-- lines make you feel suspense/fear |
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Marc Chagall: I and the Village |
shapes |
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Paul Cezanne: Mont Sainte-Victoire |
geometric shapes (triangle mountain /rectangle buildings) |
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Alberto Giacometti: Man Pointing |
de-emphasize mass |
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Elizabeth Catlett: Mother and Child |
Heavy mass w/ opening (solid mass) |
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Henry Moore: Recumbent Figure |
lots of mass with open space |
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Asher Brown Durand: Kindred Spirits |
atmospheric perspective |
