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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Define Diastole:
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The force exerted during cardiac relaxation
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Define Systole:
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The force exerted on the arterial walls during cardiac contraction
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Define Apnea:
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absence of breathing; longer than 10 seconds
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Define Tachypnea:
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Rapids respiration; heart rate rises with body temperature; about 4 breaths per minute with every degree above normal
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Define Orthopnea:
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difficult or painful breathing at lying down
(relieved at sitting up) |
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Define Hypoventilation:
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decrease in rate and depth of respirations
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Define Hyperpnea:
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increase in rate and depth
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Define Hyperventilation:
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an increase in the depth, duration, and rate of breathing
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Name the types of FEVER
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Intermittent, Remittent, Continous
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Define Fastigium:
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When fever becomes active
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Define: Afebrile
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Absence of fever
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Define: Pyrexia
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Fever
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Define Anthropometric:
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a measuring device to measure bone and tissue
-tape measure -measure circumference |
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Define Dyspnea:
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difficult breathing
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Define Diaphoresis:
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excessive sweating
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Define Hypopnea:
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Slow breathing
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Define: Kortokoff sounds:
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The sounds heard during blood pressure measurement
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Spell the name of the blood pressure cuff:
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S-P-H-Y-G-M-O-M-A-N-O-M-E-T-E-R
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What are the steps to taking blood pressure?
(10 steps) |
1. Center the cuff over the artery
2. Position stethoscope over brachial artery 3. Inflate cuff to around 180-200 4. Deflate cuff at smooth, steady rate 5. Listen for 1st Korotkoff sounds, note when they appear 6. Continue deflating 7. Note when sounds disappear 8. Continue deflating at 10 mm more beyond last Korotkoff sound 9. Complete deflation, remove cuff 10. Record test results |
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How should the patient be positioned for taking blood pressure?
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Rested and relaxed, legs uncrossed, arm at heart level-support patients arm
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BLOOD PRESSURE:
1. Normal Range: 2. Average: 3. Abnormals: |
1. 110/70-140/90
2. 120/80 3. Hypertension >140/90 Hypotension < 90/60 |
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What are conditions or factors that increase/decrease blood pressure?
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Blood Volume, Peripheral Resistance, Vessel elasticity, Condition of the heart, activity, stress, daily fluctuations, gender, disease, medications
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What are the pulse sites?
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Temporal, Carotid, Apical, Brachial, Radial, Femoral, Popliteal, Dorsalis Pedis, Posterior
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PULSE:
Normal Range: 1. Adult: 2. Children: 3. Toddlers: 4. Newborns: 5. Average Range: (Adult) |
1. 60-100 bpm
2. 70-120 bpm 3. 90-150 bpm 4.120-160 bpm 5.72 bpm |
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What are the abnormal pulse rates?
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Tachycardia: More then 100 bpm
Bradycardia: less than 50 bpm |
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What are conditions or factors that increase/decrease pulse?
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1. Age
2. Gender 3. Size 4. Physical Activity 5. Emotion state/stress 6. Disease 7. Medication 8. Pain |
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What are the characteristics of pulse?
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Rate, Strength & Regularity
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Temperature (oral)
1. Normal 2.Averag 3. Abnormal |
1. 97-99'
2. Average temperature is 98.6 3. Below 97' hypothermia 99'-100.4' is a low grade fever Above 100.4' is a fever 105.8' is an extremely high fever, hyperpyrexia, fatal |
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RESPIRATION
Normal Range: 1.Adult: 2. Children: 3. Infants: |
1. 12-20 breaths per minute
2. 18-30 breaths per minute 3. 20-40 breaths per minute |
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What are the diseases or abnormalities of respiration?
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1. Apnea
2. Cheyne-Strokes 3. Tachypnea 4. Bradypnea 5. Orthopnea 6. Hypoventilation 7. Hyperpnea 8. Hyperventilation |
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What conditions/factors increase/decrease with respiration?
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1. Age
2. Size 3. Physical Activity 4. Emotions 5. Medications 6. Disease 7. Smoking 8. Fever 9. Body Position |
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What is the normal range for OXYGEN SATURATION
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94% or above
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What are the stages of fever?
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1. Onset-fever begins
2. Fastigium- fever becomes active 3. Resolution- body turns to normal temperature |
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TEMPERATURE: Tympanic:
1. Normal Range 2. Ideal Range |
Normal range: 97-99
Ideal range: 98.6 |
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TEMPERATURE: Rectal
1. Normal range 2. Ideal range |
Normal range: 99-100
Ideal range: 99.6 |
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TEMPERATURE: Axillary
1: Normal range 2. Ideal range |
Normal range: 96-98
Ideal range: 97.6 |
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TEMPERATURE: Temporal Artery
1: Normal range 2. Ideal range |
Normal range: 99-100
Idea range: 99.6 |
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Factors of temperature?
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Age
Size Anxiety Anger Stress Physical activity |
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Factors that increase temperature?
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muscle activity, digestion, cellular metabolism, ovulation, pregnancy, emotions, certain drugs, illness, and environment.
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Factors that decrease temperature?
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Lack of activity, fasting, perspiration, dehydration, exposure to cold, injury to CNS, time of day, age/size can lead to susceptibility, and diurnal body temperature is lowest in the morning.
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