Vmed Dermatologic

Is a common sequela to offensive stimuli in the skin of small animals

An unpleasant sensation that provokes the desire to scratch

Five primary cutaneous sensation

Most likely the major mediators of pruritus in dogs and cats

Released from bacteria, fungi, mast cells epidermal cells

Enzyme released from Leukocytes

May leak from plasma

Factors that initiate pruritus

May increase the cerebral response to physiologic itch stimuli and convert the sensation to a pathologic state

Potentiate pruritus by increasing the accessibility of proteases to the nerve endings

Primary physiologic response for the control or temporary relief of pruritus

Can potentiate pruritus since the induced epidermal damages releases additional proteolytic enzymes

Primary skin lesions examples

Secondary skin lesion ex

Small solid eruptions in the epidermis and are approximately 1cm in diameter or smaller

Erythematous reddened swellings prduces by tissue infiltration of inflammatory cells, epidermal edema, epidermal hypertrophy

Basic lesion in many allergic and parasitic skin disease

Are associated with superficial bacterial infection, pemphigus foliaceous and subcorneal pustular dermatoses

Forms pustule that are sterile

Pustule from fungal disease

Circumscribed eruptions in the epidermis filled with clear fluid

Large vesicular eruptions

Covering the vesicle or bulla is very fragile and easily ruptured

Ruptured vesicles exposed the underlying epithelium creating

Basic lesions in pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid

Circumscribed, raised lesions with flat surface

Circumscribed to slightly assymetric spots in the skin characterized by hyperpigmentation, depigmentation or erythema

Depigmented macules

Associated with vitiligo and hypothyroidism

Solid usually round elevation in the skin that may extend to deep layers

Surface may be intact or ulcerated

Caused by cellular accumulation in skin

Neoplastic nodules are called

Examples of nodular ds.

Represent denuded epithelium that exposes the dermis and destroys hair follicles

Represent denuded epithelium that leaves the basement membrane intact

Hair follicle are preserved

Symmetric or asymetric superficial erosion caused by scratching biting or rubbing

Moist and contains hair

Often called hot spot

Reflect the presence of a pruritic skin ds

Loose fragment of keratin debris that accumulate in the coat or skin

Dry, powdery, flaky waxy greasy

Basic lesion in primary seborrhea

Dried blood, serum, pus,scales or topical medications that cover the surface of ulcers

Fibrous tissue that replaces normal epithelium in the healing of an ulcer

Depigmented and hairless

May follow burns and deep pyodermas

Thickening of epidermis with exaggeration of the superficial skin marking, hyperpigmented

Observed in acanthosis nigricans

Common lesion in chronic flea allergy dermatitis

Increased thickness of the stratum corneum

Associated with dermatophyte infection

Loss of hair

Generalized alopecia primarily truncal and tend to spare head and limbs

Have a predisposition for certain areas of the body

Most common distribution pattern of alopecia

This form of alopecia may initiate a multifocal pattern

Focal melanosis of the mucous membranes.

yellow pigmentation

Serum bilirubin must first reach 2-4mg/dL before this is clinicallydetectable.◦ Elastic tissue has a great affinity for bilirubin, hence icterus in the sclera,conjunctiva, and mucous membrane.

drug utilize in the treatment of giardia infection, solar dermatitis and discoid lupus

produces a 🍒 cherry red color of the skin and mucousmembrane due to the formation of Carboxyhemoglobinema

produces an erythematous to purplish red discoloration of the skin and mm.

due to cyanide poisoning produces similar effects

produces a brownish blue discoloration

is the effect of decreased hemoglobin in blood vessels

produces a combination of pallor and icterus

◦ Genetically controlled defect in the conversion of tyrosine to melanin.