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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the functions of LINE? |
Contour line
to outline and shape to create depth and texture to suggest direction and movement (Horizontal lines communicate stability and calm) (Vertical lines suggest strength and authority) (Diagonal Lines tend to represent movement) |
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COLOUR |
Hue - refers to the general colours of the spectrum - eg red, green, blue
Intensity / Saturation - is the brightness or dullness of a colour
Value - refers to the lightness or darkness of a colour
Shades - dark values of a colour
Tints - light values of a colour |
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TEXTURE |
Actual Texture - tactile, it is more than visual information
Visual Texture - illusion of texture
Subversive Texture - contradicts our past visual experience by using texture in ways that are unexpected
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PERSPECTIVE |
Organisation of form and line to create the illusion of depth |
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SHAPE |
biomorphic: A shape that is naturalistic or organic
geometric: A shape that is regular and predictable
form: refers to 3D shapes |
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VOLUME |
related to the amount of space a form uses |
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MASS |
Acutal: has measurable volume and weight
Implied: illusion of volume and weight |
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VARITY
(Variety) |
Use of elements which have difference in their visual elements |
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DISCORD |
Imbalance to make the viewer un-easy with an image. |
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CONTRAST |
Highlighting difference of elements |
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METHODOLOGIES OF ART HISTORY
Biography and Autobiography |
Considers the artist's life as well as the social context in which they existed to interpret their work. |
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Aesthetics and Connoisseurship |
Evaluation of an artwork based on the ideals of beauty and the stylistic and technical ability of the artist |
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Formalism |
The study of the elements of a work of art such as form, line, colour. |
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Iconography |
Iconographic element refer to those which have a textual basis such as Scripture or mythology |
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Iconology |
refers to symbolism whether derived from a specific text or not |
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Marxism |
The study of how art can be tied to specific class systems, contain economic information of a particular time and place and are ideologically driven |
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Feminism |
Assumes the making of art and its Reception by viewers is influenced by gender |
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Psychoanalysis |
Attempts to understand the particular psychic state, neuroses, sexual preferences, repressions and desires of the artist and how these are relevant to understanding their creative work |
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Semiotics |
The study of how meaning is created through interpretation of signs (visual elements/objects) |
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Post-colonialism |
Exposes the exploitation and exoticisation of non-western cultures by Eurocentric points of view in creating and interpreting art |
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VASES |
Made from terracotta, painted vases were made in specific shapes for daily use and for ritual occasions |
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AMPHORA |
storing and transporting food and wine |
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KALYX / KRATER |
vessel for mixing and drinking wine or water |
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LEKYTHOS |
flask for storing and pouring oil |
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Roman Portrait Sculpture
Stylistic Cycle |
* Veristic * Idealization * Funerary Alters * Honorific portrait * Imperial portraits |
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Veristic |
reflected imperfections and expressions to convey personality and admirable character traits |
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Idealization |
emphasize youth, beauty and dignity |
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Funerary Alters |
tombs adorned with portrait reliefs |
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Honorific portrait |
statues of political officials and military commanders |
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Imperial portraits |
propaganda tools used to support the legitimacy of the emperor |
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MEDIEVAL ART
Terms |
* Cloissoné * Filigree * Animal style * Interlace style
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Cloissoné |
decoration formed by adding compartments to the object by soldering wire and then filling with enamel or inlays |
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Filigree |
form of metalwork usually of gold and silver made with beads or twisted threads soldered on the surface of an object |
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Animal Style |
characterised by emphasis on animal motifs |
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Interlace Style |
band or portions of motifs looped and braided in complex patterns |
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Renaissance |
fr: rebirth General category of art that came after the Gothic Rebirth of European society after disease (plagues) Rebirth of the philosophical, political and artistic ideas, values, beliefs, methods of Greece and Rome (classical) |
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humanism |
applied in the 18 and 19th C. focus on the human body. Notion of the individual as a conduit for understanding the world and cosmology (God). Blending of Greek Platonic ideals (the metaphysical) and classical concepts of civic virtue and learning (being a good citizen wherever you lived and contribute and Christian ideology)
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patron / patronage |
a person or organisation that commissioned works of art, esp. churches and later on rich middle class people
important for the wealthy to support the arts |
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linear perspective |
method of creating a 3 dimensional illusion on a 2 dimensional plane
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atmospheric perspective |
when more air or atmosphere is added to the thing you are looking at things tend to shift towards cooler temperatures, lighter, less distinct.
use this to make things look further away |
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chiaroscuro |
it: light and dark method in painting and drawing using extreme contrast of light and dark values to model 3D forms |
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sfumato |
it: smokiness method used in oil painting using haze through a technique called glazing |
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buon fresco
arriccio, sinopia, giornata, intonaco |
fresco - painting on wet plaster (plaster wall, ceiling). Adv ... the paint bonds with the plaster as it dries and lasts a very long time. fresco secco - painting on dry plaster
arriccio - rough coat of plaster (goes on first) sinopia - drawing in red chalk goes on the rough plaster intonaco - smooth finish coat of plaster that goes on the surface giornata - the amt of plaster that could be painted in one day
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panel |
painted on wooden panels huge covered in a fine layer of linen
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gesso |
animal based glue combined with chalk (gypsum) ... makes a dense, opaque, chalky substance
sanded after each layer
makes the surface smooth as glass |
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tempera paint |
egg based paints |
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oil paint (glazing) |
uses a drying oil (linseed oil)
Oil paints came into wide use during the Renaissance |
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cartoon |
full sized drawing to be transferred to a painting (few have survived)
pouncing - poke tiny holes along the lines chalk powder |
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trompe l'oeil |
fr: to fool the eye
painting in a hyperreal way architectural features painted to give the illusion of real architecture |
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Iconography / iconographic analysis |
study of symbols and content of a work of art |
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Altarpiece |
painting representing a religious subject and placed behind the altar of a Christian church |
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Triptych |
a work of art divided into three hinged sections |
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Grisaille |
monochrome painting, usually shades of grey and brown |
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Camera obscura |
optical device consisting of a box or room with a hole in one side |
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Flanders / Flemish |
refers to the Dutch-speaking northern portion of Belgium |
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Low countries |
coastal region of north-western Europe, consisting of Belguim, the Netherlands and Luxembourg |