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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Country that strove against Prussia for influence over the small German states
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Austria
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Sick Man of Europe
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ottomans
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Had a system of serfdom until 1861
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Russia
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A geographic expression in the early 1800s
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Italy
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The country that launched the Kulturkampf against the Catholic Church
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Prussia
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Made up the Dual-Monarchy
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Austria and Hungary
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2 Italian provinces that were held by Austria in the early 1800's
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Lombardy and Venetia
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2 provinces that France was forced to give up after the Franco-Prussian War
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Alsace and Lorraine
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Powder Keg of Europe
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The Balkans
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Coal rich region of Germany
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Saar
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Begun by Luther in 1517 it was an event which kept Germany politically disunited
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Reformation
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In 1815 it created the German Confederation of small states as a buffer against France
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Congress of Vienna
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Januaury 22, 1905- protesters in St. Petersburg were fired upon by the Cossacks
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Bloody Sunday
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Led by army officers who had seen Western Europe in an attempt to overthrow the czar
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Decembrist Revolt
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The name of the telegram altered by Bismarck which started the Franco-Prussian War
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Ems
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Sardinia got involved in this war in order to publish her nationalistic aims
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Crimean War
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After this war the French had to pay 5 billion francs and the united German Empire was proclaimed at Versailles
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Franco-Prussian War
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Fought over possessions in the Far East, it was to be a short war to "stem the tide of the revolution"
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Russo-Japanese War
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Caused when Denmark illegally annexed Schleswig; leading Austria and Prussia to intervene on behalf of their German brothers
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Danish War
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Bismarck made sure Austria was friendless and then got the North German States to join against her in this war
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7 Weeks War
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The prime minister of Sardinia who led the drive for Italian unification
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Cavour
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As prime minister of Prussia he involved his country in 3 wars of unification
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Bismarck
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He led the "Red Shirts" in the drive to free the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies and join them to Italy
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Garibaldi
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As emperor of France he involved his country in many wars, but he lacked the skills of his uncle
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Napolean III
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Became emperor of Austrai at 18 and ruled for 68 years
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Francis Joseph
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A desire of people of the same culture to be unified
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nationalism
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1 czar, 1 language, 1 church
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russification
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mob attacks and other persecution of the Jews
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pogroms
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term applied to leaders who would use any means, including force, to promote their country's interest
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realpolitik
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term applied to the resurgence, or drive towards Italian unification
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Risorgimento
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He became the first king of a united, independent Italy
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Victor Emmanuel II
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founded the 'Young Italy' independence movement
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Mazzini
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Russian word for village to which the land was given for distribution to the peasants
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mir
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the self-government, granted by Alexander II which gave peasants a vote in their own local affairs
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zemstvo
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the national legislature which Nicholas II was forced to grant to the Russian people
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duma
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He established the Holy Alliance at the Congress of Vienna
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Alexander I
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He freed the serfs by passing the Act of Emancipation
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Alexander II
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He was forced to grant an elected assembly because of the 1905 revolution, but later dismissed it
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Nicholas II
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He was a reactionary, reversing the reforms of his father while pushing for 'russification'
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Alexander III
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He made a grave miscalculation in starting the Crimean War
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Nicholas I
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the type of government in which one person has unlimited authority
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autocratic
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the name for a council of workers which sprang up to lead the 1905 revolution
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soviet
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Influenced by Karl Marx, these radical communists wanted revolution NOW!
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Bolsheviks
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Vladamir Ilyich Ulyanov was better known by this name
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Lenin
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Two assassination attempts didn't get him. He died at the age of 91.
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William I
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a disagreement over having the cabinet report directly to this leader, forced Bismarck to resign
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William II
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What did the Act of Emancipation do?
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Freed the serfs, but they were practically worse off than before.
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The main purpose of this was to reduce tariffs and trade barriers between the German states
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Zollverein
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extreme patriotism, usually provoked by a perceived threat
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jingoism
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The people were starting to turn towards them, so Bismarck did everything he could to get rid of their power
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Socialists
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They believed that Russia needed to develop into an industrial state with a sizable working class, and then a revoltuion would come
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Mensheviks
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This war was in 1912, to drive the Ottomans out of Europe, it reslulted in the Ottomans lossing all European territories except Istanbul
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1st Balkan War
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This war in1913 was cuased by the recently victorious Balkan provinces, and resulted in Bulgaria losing much land
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2nd Balkan War
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