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87 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Government where the power of the crown is unchecked.
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Absolute Monarchy
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Another name for the Age of Monarchs.
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Age of Absolutism.
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Strongest nation in Europe during the 1500s and early 1600s.
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Spain
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Was both the Holy Roman Emperor and the king of Spain.
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Charles V
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Dynasty of Charles V and Philip II.
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Hapsburg
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When Charles V divided his empire his son Phillip II became _________.
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King of Spain
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Strongest monarch during Spanish supremacy
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Philip II
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Philip II and other absolute monarchs believed they were kings by ________.
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Divine Right
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The idea that royal power is granted by God.
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Divine Right of Kings
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He used wealth (gold & silver) from colonies to build the largest and strongest army in Europe.
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Philip II
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Philip II saw Spain as the defender of the __________.
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Catholic Faith
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Philip II attempted to force all non-Catholics to ________________.
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convert or leave Spain
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Was used as a reign of terror to extract all non-catholic elements from Spain.
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Spanish Inquisition
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This source of wealth enabled Spain to become the strongest nation in Europe.
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American Colonies
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Philip II sent it to invade England.
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Spanish Armada
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It's defeat in 1588 was the beginning of Spain's decline as the leading European power.
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Spanish Armada
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In the late 1500s, France was torn by reiigious conflict between ___________.
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Catholics & Huguenots
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French Protestant Calvinists
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Huguenots
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First Bourbon King, Huguenot who converted to Catholicism
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Henry of Navarre/Henry IV
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Established the Edict Nantes
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Henry IV
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Gave French Protestants religious freedom in 1598.
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Edict of Nantes
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Real Ruler during the reign of Louis XIII
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Cardinal Richelieu
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Involved Catholic France in the 30 years war on the side of the protestants.
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Cardinal Richelieu
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Was triggered by a rebellion of Bohemian protestants.
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Thirty Years War
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Started over religion ended up over the balance of power.
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Thirty Years War
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Ended the 30 years war.
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Peace of Westphalia
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Made France the strongest country in Europe
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Peace of Westphalia
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Louis XIV Minister of Finance
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Colbert
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A tax on imports
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Protective tariff
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Sun King ruled France from 1643 to 1715.
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Louis XIV
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He weakened the power of the nobles by inviting them to live in Luxury in his palace.
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Louis XIV
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Strongest French Monarch
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Louis XIV
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In 1685 Louis XIV revoked the _______.
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Edict of Nantes
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Strongest nation in Europe during the 1600's
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France
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Small nations band together to keep a strong nation from dominating.
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Balance of Power
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War fought to Keep Louis XIV's grandson off the throne of Spain
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War of Spanish Succession
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Ended the War of Spanish Succession
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Treaty of Utrecht
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Broke French Treasury and military power
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War of Spanish Succession
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Prevented the alliance of France and Spain
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Treaty of Utrecht
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His policies brought France near financial ruin and created class conflict
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Louis XIV
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Philip II's English rival.
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Elizabeth I
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Ruled England from 1558 to 1603.
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Elizabeth I
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English captains that captured Spanish Treasure ships and defeated the Spanish Armada.
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Sea Dogs
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Ruled England from 1558 to 1603, last Tudor monarch.
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Elizabeth I
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First Stuart Monarch believed in the Divine Right of Kings.
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James I
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Those who believed in the Divine Right of Kings believed Monarchs were only answerable to ___.
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God
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Succeeded James I as King of England.
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Charles I
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His reign ended in England's civil war
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Charles I
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It was fought over who should rule England: Monarch or Parliament.
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English Civil War
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Those who supported Charles I in the English Civil War
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Cavaliers
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Those who supported Parliament in the English Civil War
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Roundheads
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Roundheads were mainly _____.(religion)
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Puritans
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Led parliament's army to victory in the English Civil War.
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Oliver Cromwell
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The English Parliament tried and executed _________.
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Charles I
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The House of Commons abolished monarchy and declared Engand a republic called the ____.
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commonwealth
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Cromwell drove out Parliament and set up a ________.
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military dictatorship
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Name for Cromwell's military dictatorship
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Protectorate
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Cromwell's dictatorship enforced a _______.
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Puritan moral Code
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Cromwell did not tolerate open worship for ___.
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Catholics
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Richard Cromwell succeeded his father as Lord Protector of England but when England tired of strict Puritan ways he was deposed by a ___.
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Military coup
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He was invited by Parliament to come back from exile and become king.
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Charles II
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The return of Charles II as King of England
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Restoration
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Restoration date
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A.D. 1660
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The Restoration gave England a ______.
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Constitutional monarchy
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Catholic brother and successor to Charles II.
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James II
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English feared that James II would make Catholicism the _______.
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State Religion
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Name for the bloodless deposing of James II.
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Glorious Revolution
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William & Mary were given joint rule of England after the Glorious Revolution but they first had accept the ____.
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English Bill of Rights
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The Enlgish Bill of Rights made sure Parliament had more power than the ruler and established ________.
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limited monarchy
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Date of the Glorious Revolution
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AD 1688
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Was selected by leading German princes but in reality did not have much power.
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Holy Roman Emperor
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Allowed Maria Theresa to inherit the Throne of Austria
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Pragmatic Sanction
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Maria Theresa' dynasty.
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Hapsburg
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Dynasty that ruled Prussia during the Age of Monarchs.
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Hohenzollern
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Centralized Prussian Government. Made Prussian army the most efficient fighting force in Europe.
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Frederick William I
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Most powerful ruler in Prussian History
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Frederick II (the Great)
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He rejected the Pragmatic Sanction and started the war of Austrian Succession
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Frederick II (the Great)
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Starts as a struggle between Austria & Prussia becomes a struggle between England & France.
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Seven Years War
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Name of the Seven Years war in America
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French and Indian War
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In 1650 Russia was an isolated and _________.
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backward country
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Title of the Russian ruler.
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Czar
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Czar who worked to modernize/Westernize Russia
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Peter the Great
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Peter the Great was an ________.
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absolute monarch
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Peter fought the Swedes and the Turks to gain a ________.
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warm water port
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Peter the Great built the new capital of Russia_______.
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St. Petersburg
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She followed the lead of Peter the Great in embracing Western ideas and expanding Russia's borders.
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Cathrine the Great
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