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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Great Compromise
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provided for a presidency, a senate w/ all states represented equally and a house of rep. based on pop.
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Virginia Plan
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by Edmund Randolph-called for 2 houses of congress, each based on pop.
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New Jersey Plan
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by William Paterson-called for equal representation for states
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3/5's compromise
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Slaves were considered 3/5 of a person when determining the state population.
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Articles of Confederation
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delegated most powers ( power to tax,regulate trade, & draft troops) to individ. states, but left fed. gov. power over war, foreign policy, & issuing money.gave fed. gov. too lil power
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Constitution
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established the present fed gov of the US& outlined its powers. can be changed through amendments
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Annapolis Convention
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1786 Lil was accomplished, except for delegates recommended to hold another one to discuss changes to form of fed gov
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Philadelphia Convention
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September 17, 1787, produced present Constitution of the US, which was drafted by James Madison.
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Northwest Ordinance
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1787provided that NW Territory be divided into 3 to 5 states, outlawed slavery there, & set 60,000 as min. pop for statehood
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Shay’s Rebellion
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Poor, indebted landowners in Massa. blocked access to courts and prevented gov from arresting or repossessing property of those in debt
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Land Ordinance
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1785-for the orderly surveying and distribution of land belonging to the U.S.
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Jay's Treaty
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between U.S. & Spain would have given U.S. special privileges at Spanish ports in exchange for giving Spain rights to Mississippi River
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James Madison
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Father of the Constitution
-proposals for an effective government became the Virginia Plan, which was basis for the Constitution |
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The Federalist Papers
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by John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, and James Madison, explained importance of a strong central gov
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Bill of Rights
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1st ten amendments to the Constitution, guaranteed basic individual rights.
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George Washington
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established many prez traditions, the prez term. against political parties and strove for political balance
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1st prez cabinet
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secofstate=thomasjefferson, secoftreasurey=alexander hamilton, secofwar=johnknox, attorneygen=emund randolph
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Alexander Hamilton’s economic plan
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Designed to pay off war debts & stabilize economy, believed US should= commercial power.createdbank
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Federalists / Democratic-Republicans
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Feds =strong central gov, industry, & loose interpre of Constit. DemoRepubssss= weak central gov, state & individual rights, & strict interpret.
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Alien and Sedition Acts
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raised new hurdles in path of immigrants trying to obtain citizenship
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Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
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by Jefferson & Madison-states could nullify fed laws that they considered unconstitutional.
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French Alliance of 1778
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France aided the U.S. in the Amer Revo, & the U.S. agreed to aid France if the need ever arose
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Loose, strict interpretation of the Constitution
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Loose interpre= gov could do anything the Constit doesnt specifically forbid. Strict interpre= if constit doesnt say it gov cant do it
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Election of 1796
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President Adams (Federalist), Vice-president Jefferson (Demo. Repub)
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Citizen Genêt
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French diplomat asking Amer gov to aid in French rev war & started recuriting men and arming ships in US ports-washington asked to step down
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XYZ Affair
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Adams sent delegates to meet French Talleyrand & discuss tensions - 3 french agents tried to bribe but failed
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Neutrality Proclamation
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Washington’s declaration-US wouldnt take sides after French revo touched off war in Euro
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Pickney’s Treaty
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between US&Spain- gave US right to transport goods on Mississippi river and store goods in the Spanish port of New Orleans.
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Revolution of 1800
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Jefferson’s election changed direction of gov from Fed to Demo- Repub, so it was called a "revolution."
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War of 1812
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between US&GB caused by Amer outrage over impressment of Amer sailors by GB, GB seizure of Amer ships,&GB aid to the Indians attacking Amer on the western frontier
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President Thomas Jefferson
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believed in less aristocratic presidency. wanted to reduce fed spending & gov interference in life.Demo-repub-strict view
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midnight appointments
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Prez Adams appointed a large # of Fed judges to federal courts in effort to maintain Fed control of gov. (lameduck period)
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Justice Samuel Chase
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Fed judge appointed by Washington-Jefferson disagreed with his rulings & impeached for criticizing Jefferson administration
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Louisiana Purchase
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1803 US purchased land from Mississippi River to Rocky Mountains from Napoleon for $15 million.
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Hamilton-Burr duel
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Burr lost to Jefferson as a Republican & blamed Hamilton of making remarks that cost him the election. Burr challenged Hamilton to a duel-kiled Hamilton
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Lewis and Clark
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commissioned by Jefferson to map and explore the Louisiana Purchase region
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War Hawks
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western settlers who encouraged war with Britain - in cong=
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Battle of New Orleans
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War of 1812- US victory under general andrew jackson
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Treaty of Ghent
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Ended War of 1812 -territory captured in war was returned to original owner&set up commission to determine canada/us border
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Hartford Convention
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convention of new eng merchants who hated war of 1812-talked of seceeding
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Second bank of the U.S
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was established in 1816 and was given more authority than the First Bank of the U.S. Bank
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Tariff of 1816
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helped American industry by raising prices of Brit manufactured goods, which were cheaper&higher quality than those produced in US
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Monroe Doctrine
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Europe shouldnt interfere in West.hempisphere affairs & any attempt at interference by a Euro power is seen as threat to the US
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Missouri Compromise
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Admitted Missouri as slave state & Maine as free state. Declared territory north of 36°30" latitude would = free states
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Marybury v. Madison
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1803 (Marshall) midnight appt. Marbury sued sec of state Madison to obtain his commission-ruled for Madison-&crt's right to judicial review
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Fletcher v. Peck
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1810 (Marshall)ruled that a state cannot arbitrarily interfere with a person’s property rights
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Darmouth College v. Woodward
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1819 (Marhsall)declared private corporation charters to be contracts & immune fr. impairment by states' legislative action.
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McCulloch v. Maryland
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1819 (marshall)upheld power of Cong to charter a bank as a gov agency, and denied the state the power to tax that agency.
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Gibbons v. Ogden
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1824 (Marshall) ruled only the fed gov has authority over interstate commerce
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Adams - Onis treaty
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1819 - set northern boundary of Spanish possessions near the present northern border of CA
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