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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
right side of heart receive blood from where and pumps it to where?
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from body to the lungs
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右边心脏接收哪里来的血?送去哪里?
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then left side of the heart receive and pump blood from and to?
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from lungs to the body
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左边心脏接收哪里来的血?送去哪里?
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cardiac muscle
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the muscle which makes up the heart
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心肌
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blood from inferior vena cava and superior vena cava were sent to?
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right atrium 右心房
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下腔静脉血和上腔静脉血被送到?
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right atrium
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the small upper chamber of the heart on the right that fills with deoxygenated blood from the body
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右心房
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tricuspid valve
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valve found between the right atrium and the right ventricle of the heart. one of the atrioventricular valves.
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三尖瓣
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how's the BP in right atrium and how it relates to its structure?
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BP is low there and so it has thin muscular walls
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右心房的血压如何?与其构造的关系?
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atrioventricular valve includes?
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bicuspid valve, tricuspid valve
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房室瓣
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tendinous cords/valve tendons/heartstrings
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tendons which prevent the atrioventricular valves turning inside out
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腱线
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whats the function of tendinous cords?
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it makes sure the valves are not turned inside out by the great pressure exerted when the ventricles contract
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腱线的作用?
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right ventricle
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the larger lower chamber of the heart on the right that pumps deoxygenated blood out of the heart into the pulmonary artery to be carried to the lungs
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右心室
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pulmonary artery
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artery carrying deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs
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肺动脉
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pulmonary veins
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vessels carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left side of the heart
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肺静脉
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BP in pulmonary veins and why?
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BP is low because it passed through the extensive capillaries of the lungs
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肺静脉的血压?原因?
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left atrium
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the small upper chamber of the heart on the left that filled with oxygenated blood from the lungs
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左心房
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left ventricle
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the larger lower chamber of the heart on the left that pumps oxygenated blood out of the heart into the aorta to travel around the body
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左心室
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bicuspid valve
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valve found between the left atrium and the left ventricle of the heart. one of the atrioventricular valves
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二尖瓣
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aorta
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main artery leaving the left side of the heart carrying oxygenated blood to the body
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主动脉
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BP in the left side of the heart? and how this relate to the structure of it? why?
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BP is high, so the muscular wall of the left side of the heart is much thicker than the right side. because the left side has to produce sufficient force to move the blood under pressure to all the extremities of the body and overcome the elastic recoil of the arteriies.
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左边心脏的血压?构造?原因?
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heartbeat
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the sound made by blood hitting the heart valves as it flows through the heart
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心跳
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systole
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the contraction of the heart
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心脏收缩
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atrial systole
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the contraction of the atria forcing blood into the ventricles
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心房收缩
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ventricular systole
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the contraction of the ventricles of the heart forcing blood out of the heart to the lungs and around the body
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心室收缩
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diastole
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when the heart relaxes and fills with blood
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心脏舒张
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cardiac cycle
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the time taken for a single heart beat as the heart goes through diastole and systole
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心脏周期
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the status of the valves during diastole and systole?
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during diastole, the semilunar valves closed and atrioventricular valves open. during systole, the semilunar valves open and atrioventricular valves closed
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心脏舒张和收缩时的阀门状态?
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the status of the heart during diastole and systole?
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diastole:the heart is relaxed and fills with blood, systole: the heart contracts and forces blood out to the lungs and around the body
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心脏舒张和收缩时的心脏状态?
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electrocardiogram/ECG
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a recording of the electrical activity of the heart, often used to help diagnose heart problems
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心电图
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intrinsic rhythmicity
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the basic rhythm of the heart beat which is present in the individual cells
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内在节律
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cardiovascular center
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center in the brain which responds to the carbon dioxide levels in the blood and controls the heart rate
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心血管中心
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peripheral resistance
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the friction between the blood and the vessel walls. it slows down the flow of the blood.
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外周阻力
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constrict
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get narrower
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动脉收缩
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dilate
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get wider
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动脉舒张
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one way the body controls local BP
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constricting and dialating the arteries
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身体控制局部血压的方法
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sphygmomanometer
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equipment used for measuring blood pressure
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血压计
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mercury
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chemical used in sphygmomanometer
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汞
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systolic blood pressure
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the BP reading when the heart is contracting strongly
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收缩血压
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diastolic blood pressure
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the BP reading when the heart is relaxed
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舒张血压
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hypertension/number?
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high BP/ over 140/90
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高血压
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hypotension
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low BP/ lower 90/60
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低血压
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cause of hypotension?
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weakened heart
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低血压原因?
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cause of hypertension?
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damaged blood vessels that are narrowing or becoming less elastic
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高血压原因?
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strokes
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an interruption in the function of the brain usually caused by either a blood clot forming in a blood vessel supplying the brain or bleeding from a blood vessel supplying the brain
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中风
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cardiovascular diseases(CVD)
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diseases of the heart and blood vessels, particularly heart attacks and strokes
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心血管疾病
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atherosclerosis
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hardening of the arteries - he build-up of hardened fatty deposits on the arterial lining
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动脉粥样硬化
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plaques
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a fatty deposit hardened by calcium salts and fibrous tissue which may form on the lining of an artery
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斑块
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coronary arteries
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arteries of the heart
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冠状动脉
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carotid arteries
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arteries of the neck
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颈动脉
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endothelium
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layer of epithelial cells which lines the chamber of the heart, the blood vessels, and the lymph vessels.
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内皮衬里
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inflammatory response
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the response of the body to damaged tissue which involves swelling and increased blood flow bringing white blood cells to the area
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炎症反应
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atheroma
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fatty deposit initially laid down on damaged arterial lining
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粥
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aneurysm
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a bulge in the wall of an artery as a result of pressure of blood building up behind a narrowed area. this leaves the wall weakened and vulnerable to splitting open
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动脉瘤
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angina
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chest pain or discomfort that occurs when the heart isn't getting enough oxygen because of reduced blood flow to the cardiac muscle. usually the result of atheroscierosis and is a symptom of coronary heart disease.
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心绞痛
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myocardial infarction
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heart attack
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心肌梗塞
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anaerobic respiration
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the release of energy from glucose without the use of oxygen
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无氧呼吸
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thrombosis
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clot that forms in a blood vessel
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血栓
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the size and severity of the heart attack is closely related to?
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the position of the blockage in the coronary artery
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心脏病的严重程度和什么相关?
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what to do if someone has a heart attack?
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two full strength aspirin tablets to help stop the blood clotting or call the ambulance
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心脏病怎么办?
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