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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
4 Properties of Water- earth suitable for life
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1. Cohesion
2. Moderation of temperature 3. Expansion upon freezing 4. Versatility as a solvent |
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binds a substance together
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Cohesion
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Contributes to transport of H2O & dissolved nutrients against gravity in plants
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Cohesion |
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Clinging of one substance to another Water adheres to walls of the cells, countering the downward pull of gravity |
Adhesion |
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Measure of how difficult it is stretch or break the surface of a liquid Behaves like an invisible film |
Surface Tension |
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total amount of kinetic energy due to
molecular motion in a body of matter depends on volume |
Heat
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measures the intensity of heat due to
the average kinetic energy of molecules |
Temperature
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amount of heat it takes to raise the
temp of 1 g of water by 1 °C |
Calorie(cal)
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1,000 cal, quantity of heat required to raise the temp of 1 kg of water by 1 °C Calories on food packages – actually kcals |
Kilocalorie (kcal)
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amt of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1 g of that substance to change its temp by 1 °C
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Specific heat
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amount of heat that causes 1 g of water to change its temp by 1 °C
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cal |
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1 cal / g / °C
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Water specific heat
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Why is H2O specific heat so high?
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H-bonding!!!!
Heat absorbed - break H-bonds Heat released - forms H-bonds |
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Quantity of heat a liquid must absorb for 1 g of it to be converted from the liquid to gas state
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Heat of Vaporization
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liquid that is completely homogeneous mixture of 2 or more substances
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Solution
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dissolving agent (water)
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Solvent
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substance that is dissolved (salt)
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Solute
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water is solvent
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Aqueous solution
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Nonionic polar molecules
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sugar molecules
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each individual atom has a charge
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Ionic compound
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charge difference throughout the molecule
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Polar molecule
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any substance with attraction to water (charges)
--Ionic or polar substances --Dissolve in water |
Hydrophilic
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stable suspension of fine particles in a liquid
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Colloid
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Nonionic & nonpolar substances repel water
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Hydrophobic
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Charged molecules attracted to charged
molecules |
--Hydrophilic molecules
--Ionic substances --Polar molecules- polar covalent bond |
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Uncharged molecules attracted to uncharged molecules
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--Hydrophobic molecules
--Nonpolar molecules- nonpolar bonds --NO charge |
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"Like dissolves like"
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Polar substances WILL dissolve in Polar
substances Non-polar substances WILL dissolve in nonpolar substances Non-polar substances WILL NOT dissolve in polar substances. |