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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A condition in which no differences in wealth, power, prestige, or status based on nonnatural conventions exist |
Social Equality |
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A two-directional relationship, following a pattern in which an original statement/thesis is countered with an antithesis leading to a conclusion that unites the strengths of the original position and the counterargument |
Dialectic |
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Example: The "master-slave" visual -Codependent relationship -The slave is dependent on the master because the master provides food, shelter, protection -The master depends on the slave because the slave performs the basic duties of survival (preparing his food daily) |
Example of Dialectic |
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A society commerce (ie. modern capitalist society) in which the maximization of profit is the primary business incentive |
Bourgeois Society |
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Occurs when a group/person in a gate keeper position (ie. college admission office) in charge of hiring new workers, actively selects some applicants who haven't faced an even playing field, often due to racism/sexism in society |
Affirmative Action |
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The notion that when more than one person is responsible for getting something done, the incentive is for each individual to evade responsibility and hopes others will pull the extra weight |
Free Rider Problem |
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The idea that people can occupy locations in the class structure that falls between the "pure" classes ie) managers-possess both the position of working class and capitalist class |
Contradictory Class Location |
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A society where status and mobility are based on individual attributes, ability and achievement |
Meritocracy |
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An individual's position in a stratified social order. Any measure that attempts to classify groups, individuals, families with indicators such as occupation, wealth, income, and education |
Socioeconomic Status |
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Money received by a person for work, from transfers (gifts, inheritance, or government assistance) or from returns on investments |
Income |
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A family/individual's net worth (that is total assets minus total debts) |
Wealth |
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The rise in the trade of goods and services across national boundaries, as well as increased mobility of multinational businesses and migrant labor. The main reason for the rising income and wealth inequalities |
Globalization |
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The movement between different positions within a system of social stratification in any given society |
Social Mobilty |
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Refers to the rise or fall of an individual/group from one social stratum to another |
Vertical Social Mobility |
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A group/individual transitioning from one social status to another situated more/less on the same thing of the ladder |
Horizontal Social Mobility |
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Mobility that is inevitable from changes in the economy, caused by changes in the distribution of jobs |
Structural Mobility |
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Mobility in which, if we hold fixed changing distribution of jobs, individuals trade jobs not one-to-one but in a way that ultimately balances out |
Exchange Mobility |
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Approach that ranks individuals by socioeconomic status including income and educational attainment and seeks to specify the attributes characteristics of people who end up in more desirable occupations |
Status Attainment Model |
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A status which one enters; voluntary status |
Achieved Status |
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A status into which one is born; involuntary status |
Ascribed Status |
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The notion that a change in one factor results in a corresponding change in another |
Causality |
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An economically based hierarchical system characterized by cohesive, oppositional groups and somewhat loose social mobility |
Class System |
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A methodology by which two or more entities, which are similar in many dimensions but differ on one in question, are compared to learn about the dimension that differs between them |
Comparative Research |
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The idea that conflict between competing interest is the basic, animating force of social change and society in general |
Conflict Theory |
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A systematic analysis of the content rather than the structure of a communication, such as a written work, speech or film |
Content Analysis |
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Simultaneous variation in two variables |
Correlation |
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The outcome that the researcher is trying to explain |
Dependent Variable |
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The role of a member of a triad who intentionally drives a wedge between the other two actors in the group |
Divide et impera |
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A concept conceived by W.E.B Du Bois to describe the two behavioral scripts, one for moving through the world and the other incorporating the external opinions of prejudiced onlookers, which are constantly maintained by African Americans |
Double Consciousness |
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The view of social life as essentially a theatrical performance, in which we are all actors on metaphorical stages, with roles, scripts, costumes and sets |
Dramaturgical Theory (Goffman) |
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A group of two |
Dyad |
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A measured factor that the researcher believes has a causal impact on the dependent variable |
Independent Variable |
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Institutions and social dynamics that may seem race-neutral but actually disadvantage minority groups |
Institutionalized Racism |
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A group characterized by the presence of a formal structure that mediates interaction and consequently, status differentiation |
Large Group |
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One status within a set that stands out or overrides all others |
Master Status |
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The process by which problems or issues not traditionally seen as medical come to be framed such as |
Medicalization |
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The process of assigning a precise method for measuring a term being examined for use in a particular study |
Operationalization |
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Any social network that is defined by a common purpose and has a boundary between its membership and the rest of the social world |
Organization |
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Someone/something outside of oneself |
Other |
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Another term for the stigmatized or less powerful group, the minority |
Out-group |
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A qualitative research method that seeks to uncover the meanings people give their social actions by observing their behavior in practice |
Participant Observation |
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An entire group of individual persons, objects, or items from which samples may be drawn |
Population |
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Social groups, such as family or friends composed of enduring, intimate face-to-face relationships that strongly influence the attitudes and ideals of those involved |
Primary groups |
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The working class |
Proletariat |
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Methods that attempt to collect information about the social world that cannot be readily converted to numeric form |
Qualitative Methods |
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Methods that seek to obtain information about the social world that is already in or can be converted to numeric form |
Quantitative Methods |
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A group that helps us understand or make sense of our position in society relative to other groups |
Reference Groups |
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Analyzing and critically considering our own role in, and effect on, our research |
Reflexivity |
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The likelihood of obtaining consistent results using the same measure |
Reliability |
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A situation in which the researcher believes that A results in a change in B, but B in fact, is causing A |
Reverse Causality |