Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Chemistry
|
The study of matter
and its changes |
|
Matter
|
Anything that has mass
takes up space. |
|
Atom
|
The smallest
particle of matter. |
|
Nucleus
|
Protons and Neutrons
|
|
Electron
Cloud |
Electrons
Ortiting the Nucleus |
|
Sub-Aomic
Particles |
Proton
Neutron Electron |
|
Proton
|
A positive charge.
(found in the Nucleus) |
|
Neutron
|
A neutral charge.
(found in the Nucleus) |
|
Electron
|
A negative charge.
(Found in the cloud around the Nucleus) |
|
Chemical
Symbol (Center) |
The Letter that
represents the atom on the periodic table. |
|
Chemical Symbol
Atomic Number (Top Right) |
The number of
protons/electrons in the atom. |
|
Chemical Symbol
Atomic Number (Bottom) |
This represents the
number of protons and neutrons in the atom. |
|
Atomic Types
|
Ion
Iso tope |
|
Ion
|
A type of atom
with an electrical charge. |
|
Ion
|
An atom with an
electrical charge: Image: |
|
Isotope
|
An atom with the
same number of protons (the same atomic number) but different numbers of neutrons. |
|
Groups
of Atoms |
Element
Molecule Compound |
|
Element
|
A substance that
cannot be decomposed or transformed into other chemical substances by ordinary chemical processes. An atom of the same type (not chemically bonded) Ti Zn Co |
|
Molecule
|
Two or more atoms
chemically bonded together. |
|
Compound
|
Two or more DIFFERENT
atoms chemically bonded together H20 CO2 HsSO4 |
|
Chemical Formula
|
Two or more capital
letters that indicate what a substance is made up of: Subscript Coefficient |
|
Subscript
|
The small number
that only works for the element to it's immediate left. |
|
Coefficient
|
The number in front
of a formula used to show the number of molecules/compounds. |
|
Chemical
Equations |
Symbols used to show
what happens when chemicals react. a) Law of conservation of matter. |
|
Law of
conservation of matter |
The type and number
of atoms must be the same on each side of the equation. |
|
Bohr Model
(Chemical Bonding) |
Bohr Model(from 1913)
1. Electrons Orbit the nucleus in fixed energy levels. 2. Octet rule |
|
Octet Rule
|
Part of the Bohr Model
The atoms strive to have 8 valence electrons to act like the noble gases. (Chemically stable.) |
|
Cation
(Chemical Bonding) |
An atom with a
positive electron charge. 1. Has lost electrons 2. EX: Na + e- O |
|
Chemical
Bonding |
Bohr Model
Cation Anion Ionic Bonding Covalent Bonding |
|
Anion
|
(Chemical Bonding)
An atom that has a negative electrical charge as gained electrons. EX: |
|
Ionic Bonding
|
(Chemical Bonding)
The transfer of electrons between atoms producing opposite electrical charges. 1. Opposites attract 2. EX: 3. Metals + Non-metals |
|
Covalent
Bonding |
(Chemical Bonding)
Two or more atoms sharing electrons 1. 2 electrons per bond 2. Non-metal + Non-metal |
|
Acids and Bases
|
Dissociation
Acid Base PH |
|
Dissociation
|
The breaking apart of
water molecules into two ions of opposite charge. |
|
Acid
|
A compund that has
an "H" in front of the chemical formulation. 1. Dissociates to yeld (Hydronium) ions. 2. The more , the stronger the acid 3. HCI |
|
Base
|
A compund that has an
"OH" in the end of the chemical formula. 1. Dissociates to yield OH (Hydroxide) IOns 2. The more OH, the stronger the base |
|
PH
|
Power of Hydrogen
|
|
PH Scale
|
Standard scale for
the relative concentratins of Hydronium ( ) and Hydroxide ( ) ions. |
|
If the PH Scale
shows more____________ is it more acetic or more basic? |
More acetic
|
|
If the PH scale
shows fewer ______________ is it more acetic or more basic? |
More basic
|