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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
mutual pledge
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watch and ward, I help out my fellow citizens, safety
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Sir Robert Peel
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head of first organized police MPA
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frankpledge
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english, tithings into hundreds, reeve of the shire
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posse comitatus
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legal term to deuptize. authorized to kill
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Broken windows
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worry about little things like broken windows or drunks, bigger crimes also committed by smaller offenders, looks nice, less crime
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decentralization of policing
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scared of giving too much power to police
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sheriff
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in charge of protection of courts, local jail
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watchman style
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sir robert peel, making an arrest is the last resort, more discretion, promotes corruption
order maintenance |
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legalistic style
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only concerned with fighting crime, making arrests when all pieces are there
law enforcement |
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service style
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takes requests seriously, suburban communities
service |
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federal law enforcement
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focus on investigative, homeland security, specific enforcement responsibilities
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state law enforcement
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general enforcement, liquir law, state crime lab
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county law enforcement
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county jail, court protection, civil papers
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Minneapolis experiment
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arresting domestic abusers made a difference, perhaps became more sneaky
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private policing
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runs into controversy
more private policing than public are they guardian angels or vigilantes |
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right to use force
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threat of force on police sets what force police can use
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kansas city experiment
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0, 1, 2x police. None changed crime #s at all.
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operational stress
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shift hours stress
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organizational stress
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being a police officer in uniform
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purging the taint
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along with silver platter doctrine, police get info after they already know of it illegally
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police discretion
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Enforcement:
Total: impossible full: the goal actual: actual selective: avoid |
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jacob's factors of police discretion
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nature of the crime
relationship btwn offender and victim relate btwn police and offender/victim departmental policy |
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police subculture
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cynicism, stress, bonding
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skolnick's working personality
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danger and authority
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symbolic assailants
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perceptual shorthand that is used to id certain kinds of people as suspicious
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external stress
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real dangers involving police work
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personal stress
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life, marriage, home, relationships
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miranda trigger
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rights read before questioning 1960
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brown v mississippi
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rubber hose confession. coerced confessions forbidden to convict persons of crimes. 1930
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exclusionary rule
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excludes illegally seized evidence from court proceedings federally
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fruit of the poisonous tree doctrine
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any illegal evidence that leads to more evidence is also not admissible in court
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weeks v US
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exclusionary rule created but only for federal cases
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silver platter doctrine
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way police got around exclusionary rule. it only applied federally so feds would give state police illegal evidence and claim that they found it and then use it
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mapp v ohio
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any evidence that was illegally obtained by the police would be inadmissible in ANY court 1960
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good faith exception
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if police are acting in good faith or close enough the evidence is admissible.
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probable cause
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a crime was committed and this person did it
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public safety exception
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you can ask questions regarding public safety before reading miranda rights
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terry v ohio
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stop and frisk legal 1960
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plain view doctrine
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if you see evidence in plain view it is admissible in court
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protective sweep doctrine
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you can check a building for dangers to police
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inevitable discovery
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someone confesses during coercion and tells where the body is it is not admissible in court. But if it is in a spot where you would have found it eventually anyway it can still be used in court
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stop and frisk
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person can be patted down for weapons on the street if police have a suspicion
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grass eaters v meat eaters
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two police personalities, grass will just accept illegal money, meat will go looking for it
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slippery slope
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one small thing will turn into major corruption
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fleeing felon rule
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can use force against a fleeing felon is they pose a threat to the police
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tennessee v garner
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creates fleeing felon rule 1980
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internal affairs units
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take into account complaints by anyone
suspicions of corruption situations where officers are killed/wounded citizens killed/wounded by police situations where police discharge weapons |
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section 1983 lawsuits
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authorizes lawsuits for violations of constitutional rights.
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escobedo v illinois
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accused person permitted to have an attorney 1960
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