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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Characteristics of Tissue
3 Parts |
Groups of cells that function as a unit
Similar embryonic origin Cells surrounding by extracellular matrix |
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Epithelial Tissue
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Covers or lines every body surface and all body cavities thus forming both the external and internal lining of many organs.
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Epithelial Tissue Function
PASS |
Protection, absorption, secretion and sensory recpetion.
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Epithelial Tissue Characteristics
BNMIEV |
Cells held tightly in sheets by intercellular joints
Little extracellular matrix Extracellular basement membrane Nerve endings No blood vessels High rate of mitosis |
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How many cell layers does epithelial tissue have?
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Simple, stratified and pseudostratified.
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How many intercellular junctions does epithelial tissue have?
4 Parts |
Tight, adhering, desmosomes and gap.
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Tight Junction
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Encircles epithelial tissue near their apical surface and completely attaches each cell to its neighbors.
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Adhering Junction
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Formed around the cell and only needed near the apical surface to provide for support and a small space between neighboring cells.
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Desmosomes
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Button or snap between adjacent epithelial cells. Each cell contributes half a desmosome.
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Gap Junction
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Formed across the intercellular gap between neighboring cells.
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Simple Epithelial
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One cell layer thick, with all cells in direct contact with the basement membrane.
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Stratified Epithelial
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Two or more layers of cells. Only cells in deepest layer are in contact with basement membrane.
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Pseudostratified Epithelial
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The epithelium looks layered because the cells nuclei are distributed at different levels between the apical and basal surfaces.
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What does pseudostratified epithelial cover?
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Nasal cavity and respiratory passageway.
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What are the four cell types?
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Squamous, cuboidal, columnar and transitional.
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Simple Squamous Epithelium
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A single layer of flattened cells. Specialzed to allow rapid movement of molecules across its surface by diffusion, osmosis or filtration.
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Where is simple squamous epithelium found?
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Lining of the lung air sacs and lining of the lumen.
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Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
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A single layer of cells that are as tall as they are wide. A spherical nucleus is located in the cell.
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Simple Cuboidal Epithelium Function
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Absorb fluids and other substances across the apical membrane and to secrete specific molecules.
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What does the simple cuboidal epithelium form?
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Walls of kindey tubules, ducts of exocrine glands, surface of the ovary and lines the follicles of the thyroid gland.
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Noncilitated Simple Columnar Epitheliam
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Oval shaped nucleus in basal region of cell, regions of cells have microvilli and may have goblet cells.
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Noncilitated Simple Columnar Epitheliam Function
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Oocyte movement through uterine tube.
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Noncilitated Simple Columnar Epitheliam Location
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Lining of uterine tubes and larger bronchioles of respiratory tract.
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Nonkeratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium
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Basal cells are cuboidal while apical cells are squamous. Surface cells are alive.
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Nonkeratinized and Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium Function
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Protection of underlying tissue.
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Nonkeratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium Location
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Lining of oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, vagina and anus.
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Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium
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Basal cells are cuboidal while apical cells are squamous. Superficial cells are dead and filled with keratin.
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Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium
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Epidermis of skin.
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Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium Function
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Protection and the ciliated form are involved in secretion and movement of mucus.
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Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium Loation
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Large ducts in exocrine glands and in male urethra.
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Transitional Epithelium Function
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Distention and relaxation to accomodate urine volume changes in bladder, uterus and urethra.
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Endocrine Glands
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Lack ducts and secrete their products directly into the interstitial fluid and bloodstream.
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Exocrine Glands
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Originate from an invagination of epithelium that burrows into deeper connective tissue. Has duct.
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Connective Tissue
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The most diverse, abundant, widely distributed and microscopically variable of the tissues.
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Connective Tissue Function
4 Parts |
Structural framework and support
Protection Binding Storage |
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Connective Tissue: Ground Substance
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Primarily consists of protein and carbohydrate molecules and variables of water.
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Connective Tissue: Protein Fibers
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Strengthen and support tissue; consists of collagen fibers, elastic fibers and reticular fibers.
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Connective Tissue: Collagen Fibers
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Long, unbranched extracellular fibers. Strong, flexible and resistant to stretching.
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Connective Tissue: Elastic Fibers
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Stretch easily, branch, rejoin and appear wavy.
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Connective Tissue: Reticular Fibers
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Contain same protein subunits that collagen has, but are coated with glycoprotein. Form a branching, interwoven framework that is tough but flexible.
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Connective Tissue Proper: Major Cells
2 Types |
Wandering cells: involve in immune protection and repair of damaged EM.
Resident cells: support, maintain and repair EM. |
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Connective Tissue Proper: Fibroblasts
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Large, flat with tapered ends that produce fibers and ground substance of the EM.
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Connective Tissue Proper: Adipocytes
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Flat, single large lipid droplet, cell components pushed to one side that store lipid reserves.
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Connective Tissue Proper: Macrophages
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Large, derived from monocytes, reside in EM that phagocytize foreign materials.
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Connective Tissue Proper: Mesenchymal Cells
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Spindle-shaped embryonic stem cells that divide in respone to injury
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