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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Trapezius means what in Greek?
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tablelike
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Which muscle is known as the "coat hanger muscle"?
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Trapezius
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The Trapezius is to the neck and head what the X are to the back?
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Erector spinae muscles
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The trapezius can act as a X to itself:
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antagonist
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Trapezius was once called X because it resembles Y:
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"musculus cuccullaris"
monk's head |
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What are the ORIGINS of the Trapezius?
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occiput: external occipital protuberance; superior nuchal lines
nuchal ligament SP of C7-T12 supraspinous ligament of C7-T12 |
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What are the INSERTIONS of the Trapezius?
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clavicle: lateral 1/3
scapula: acromion process and spine of scapula |
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Actions of Trapezius, bilateral and unilateral, name fibers:
on head/neck (3) on scapula (4) |
BILATERAL contraction:
head/neck: extension (upper fibers) scapula: elevation (upper fibers) upward rotation (upper fibers) retraction (middle fibers) depression (lower fibers) UNILATERAL contraction: neck: lateral flexion (upper fibers) head: rotation (upper fibers) |
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The upper and lower parts of the Trapezius converge on what bony landmark?
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spine of the scapula
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Levator Scapula lies between what two muscles (near head)?
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Splenius Capitis
Scalene Posterior |
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The body often shifts its fascial structure from sol state to gel state so as to reinforce the actions of which muscle?
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Levator Scapula
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Which is the only neck muscle that moves the shoulder blade?
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Levator Scapula is the only neck muscle that moves the scapula. It can both elevate and downwardly rotate the scapula.
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Levator Scapula ACTION(s)=
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UNILATERAL:
scapula: elevation, downward rotation neck: lateral flexion, rotation to same side BILATERAL: neck/head: extension |
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Levator Scapula ORIGIN(s)=
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transverse processes of C1-C4
(=TP of Atlas, Axis, and C3-4) |
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Levator Scapula INSERTION(s)=
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medial border of scapula: from superior angle down to root of the scapular spine
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What neck muscle helps to stabilize the scapula?
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In its gel state, the Levator Scapula is a "fixator" for the scapula, and will feel similar to crunches as it is flipped over the insertion.
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Rhomboid Major ORIGIN(s)=
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SP of T2-T5 (varies)
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Rhomboid Major INSERTION(s)=
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medial border of scapula from root of spine to inferior angle
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Rhomboid Minor ORIGIN(s)=
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SP of C4 (or C7) to T1 (varies)
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Rhomboid Minor INSERTION(s)=
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medial border of the scapula (upper part)
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Actions of the Rhomboids? (3)
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scapula: retraction
scapula: downward rotation scapula: elevation |
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Do the Rhomboids lie superficial or deep to the Trapezius?
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deep
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What is a common alias for the Rhomboids? Why?
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"Christmas tree" muscles because their fibers are obliquely arranged (slanted, similar to Christmas tree branches)
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What is a common nickname for the Serratus Anterior and Triceps Brachii together? Why?
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"Boxer's muscle" because the forward movement of the scapulae enables a boxer to throw a punch.
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What are the "boxer's muscles"?
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Triceps Brachii and Serratus Anterior
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The Serratus Anterior is an antagonist to what pair of muscles in the back?
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Rhomboid Major and Minor
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The Serratus Anterior interlaces with which muscles and where?
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External Obliques
on the lateral aspect of the trunk |
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Full or partial paralysis of what muscle produces a "winged scapula"?
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Serratus Anterior
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With a "winged scapula" condition what movement is commonly limited?
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Elevation of humerus is limited to 90 degrees
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Serratus Anterior ORIGIN(s)=
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ribs 1-9 (lateral aspect to costal cartilages)
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Serratus Anterior INSERTION(s)=
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scapula: anterior medial border
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Along with the Scalenes, which muscle is often called the "neurovascular entrapper" because it can obstruct nerve and blood flow in the upper chest?
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The Pectoralis Minor is a potential neurovascular entrapper because it forms a bridge over the axillary artery and the distal portion of the brachial plexus.
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Actions of the Pectoralis Minor?
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scapula: depression
scapula: tilts anteriorly scapula: abduction (downward rotation) in forced expiration: elevates ribcage |
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Pectoralis Minor INSERTION(s)=
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scapula: coracoid process
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Which muscles elevate the scapula?
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Trapezius (upper fibers)
Levator Scapulae |
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Which muscles depress the scapula?
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Trapezius (lower fibers)
Serratus Anterior Pectoralis Minor |
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Which muscle helps to upwardly rotate the scapula so that the inferior angle slides laterally?
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Trapezius (upper and lower fibers)
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Which two sets of muscles help to downwardly rotate the scapula (inferior angle of scapula sliding medially)?
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Levator Scapula
Rhomboids |
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When the inferior angle of the scapula slides laterally, does it produce upward or downward rotation of the scapula?
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upward
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When the inferior angle of the scapula slides toward the midline, does it produce upward or downward rotation of the scapula?
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downward
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When we talk about rotation of the scapula, what is the reference point or bony landmark?
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scapula: inferior angle
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Which two muscles help to protract or abduct the scapula?
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Serratus anterior
Pectoralis minor |
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Which muscle(s) help to retract the scapula?
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Trapezius (middle fibers)
Rhomboids |
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Protraction refers to movement toward the front or back?
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front or anterior
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Retraction refers to movement toward the back or front of the body?
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back or posterior
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