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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the main risk in antibiotic therapy?
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May lead to serious infections caused by drug resistant microbes
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What are the classifications of bacteria?
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-aerobic/anaerobic
-gram stain (+) or (-) -Shape (cocci, bacilli) |
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What is nosocomial infection?
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hospital acquired infection
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Does does entercocci bacteria cause?
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-Endocarditis
-S/S- fever, murmurs, enlarged spleen, anemia |
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How does antibiotic resistant bacteria occur?
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-widespread use of broad spectrum antibiotics
-interrupted/inadequate treatment -condition of host -Location in hosp (ICU, Oncology) |
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How does bacteria change to resist antibiotics?
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-Produce enzymes to inactivate ATB
-genetic mutations of bacteria -Change cell wall -Change metabolic activity |
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Drug of choice to treat antibiotic resistant staph, strep, and enterococci?
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Vancomycin
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What is the difference between bactericidal and bacteriostatic?
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-Cidal=kills organism
-Static=inhibits growth of organism |
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Whats the difference between an (1) anti-infective/antimicrobial agent and a (2) antibacterial agent?
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1=used as a antiviral/antifungus
2=used on bacterial infections |
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What would you use on recurrent UTI's?
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Bactram
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What is one medical condition that your dentist should know about before performing any dental work?
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Bacterial Endocarditis
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What is the treatment regimen for pt's with a positive TB test?
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INH for 6 months
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What are some conditions that PCN would be used for?
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-Group A strep
-Rheumatic fever/heart disease -Glomerulonephritis |
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What is done to determine what medication to give a pt who is infected?
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-C+S
-What body tissue is infected -Location that pt is in the hospital |
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What does the nurse have to asses for in women when giving ATB?
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Monilial Vaginitis (overgrowth of yeast)
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How do Beta-lactam antibacterials work?
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Inhibit synthesis of bacterial cell walls
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What drugs fall under beta-lactams?
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-PCN
-Cephalosporins -Carbapenems -Monobactams |
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What is the prototype of PCN?
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PCN G
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Where is PCN most effective in killing?
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-Gram (+)
-Resp., GI, and GU inf. |
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What electrolyte must you monitor for since it is part of the injection?
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Potassium
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What type of PCN is used to treat syphilis?
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PCN G (Bicillin)
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What are aminopenicillins? What is the prototype?
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-Broad sectrum, semi-synthetic
-Amoxicillin=prototype |
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What are some extended spectrum penicillins?
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-Geocillin
-Ticar -Pipracil -effective against gram (-) org., e. coli |
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What are some PCN/beta-lactam inhibitor combinations?
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-Unasyn
-Augmentin -Zosyn -Timentin -Need both drugs to work effectively |
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Indications for cephalosporin treatment?
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-Resp. inf.
-Soft tissue inf. -Bones/joint inf. -UTI -Blood inf. |
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What are carbapenems used for?
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-Meningitis
-Intra-ABD inf. -UTI |
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What are some foods that are contraindicated to take with PCN?
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-OJ
-Cranberry -PCN destroyed by acids (HCL) |