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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
politics |
who gets what, when and how |
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government |
an organization extending to the whole of society that can legitimately use force to carry out its decisions |
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Ruled by 1 |
kingship, bad is tyrant |
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ruled by few |
aristocracy, bad is oligarchy |
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ruled by many |
constitutional government, bad is total democracy |
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quartering act |
colonists required to house soldiers |
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declaratory act |
parliament could do whatever it wanted in an effort to control the colonists |
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who wrote the constitution |
benjamin franklin thomas jefferson roger sherman john adams robert livingston |
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confederation |
a government in which independent states unite for a common purpose, but retain their own sovereignty |
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unitary system |
system of government where the local and regional governments derive all authority from a strong national government |
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Article 1 |
our name as a new nation |
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Article 2 |
each state remains its sovereignty, freedom, and independence, and every power , jurisdiction, and right, which is not by this Confederation expressly delegated to the US |
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firm league of friendship |
states to cooperate with one another |
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federalists |
favor strong central government and a radical departure from the articles of the confederation, often wealthy |
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anti-federalists |
supported a smaller local government, feared that a large govt could trample upon individual rights, owned small farms |
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Virginia plan |
favored a strong central government, bicameral congress |
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NJ plan |
favored by smaller states, Unicameral congress, contained the supremacy clause |
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CT plan |
great compromise 435 seats |
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Article IV |
full faith and credit clause. Any public act such as a drivers license that is done in one state must be recognized in all others, marriage licenses, fugitives, etc. |
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Article V |
Amendment process. Constitution is a flexible document, founding fathers knew it was posible that future generations would want to make changes. |
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Article VI |
supremacy clause, federal government wants to pay off debts accrued during the revolutionary war, congress can enact taxes to pay off debts owed to soldiers or other countries. Constitution is the supreme law of the land, any other law must be constitutional, federal law trumps state law |
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Article VII |
ratification. Written and drafted in secrecy, 9 is a super majority. |
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BoR: 1st amendment |
freedom of religion, establishment clause, free exercise clause. Each one of us is free to practice whatever religion we choose and can not practice at all. Slander and libel are NOT protected but we are free to criticize the government. Freedom of assembly means you can protest. |
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BoR: 2nd amendment |
right to bear arms |
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BoR: 3rd amendment |
no quartering of soldiers w/o homeowners consent |
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BoR: 4th amendment |
freedom from unreasonable search and seizures; search warrants |
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BoR: 5th amendment |
due process for the accused: right not to incriminate yourself, right to an attorney, projections against double jeopardy. Eminent domain: government seizes private property for public use, have rights when gov does this. |
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BoR: 6th amendment |
right to a speedy public trial by jury |
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BoR: 7th amendment |
right to trial by jury in civil suits |
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BoR: 8th amendment |
no cruel and unusual punishment |
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BoR: 9th amendment |
unlisted rights reserved for citizens |
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BoR: 10th amendment |
reserved powers (powers not explicitly granted to the national government) for the states |
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civil liberties definition |
constitutionally established guarantees that protect citizens, opinions, and property against arbitrary government interference Limitations placed on the government, usually from infringing upon certain rights afforded to individuals |
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examples of some civil liberties |
due process (trial by jury, miranda rights) freedom of religion freedom of speech freedom of assembly no quartering of soldiers right to bear arms freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures privacy |
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Near v Minnesota |
publisher of a newspaper convicted of libel and enjoined from publishing further information alleging criminal wrongdoing. supreme court acknowledged prior restraint but ruled it could not be invoked in this situation |
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Pentagon papers |
Ellsberg leaked damaging classified Vietnam war documents to newspapers, illustrating that Johnson lied about nation's involvement with the war, the war was unwinnable |
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NY Times v US |
victory for freedom of press |
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Slander |
spoken |
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Libel |
written, literary |
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Standard for slander/libel |
Malice. Publisher knew it was false but still published it with the intention of causing harm, reckless actions without regard for the truth |
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privacy |
the state of being free from intrusion or disturbance in one's private life or affairs, not stated explicitly in constitution. implied in 1st, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 9th, 14th |
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griswold v connecticut |
CT law prohibited use of birth control but griswold had been teaching married women how to use them, enforcement of the law would mean that police would know about couples' intimate lives |
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eisenstadt v baird |
supreme court overturned a law in MA that banned the sale of birth control, trying to influence what happened in private lives |
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roe v wade |
dallas woman sought an abortion but states prohibited unless woman's health needed it, defendent was wade, the district attorney in dallas county |
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Governor of TX |
greg abbott |
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senator of tx |
ted cruz |
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mayer of houston |
sylvester turner |
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unitary government |
system of political organization with a central supreme government which holds the authority over and makes the decisions for subordinate local governments. An example of a unitary government is the United Kingdom overseeing Scotland. |
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confederate government |
group of states, nations or territories that are joined together by a central government that has limited powers of authority. With a weaker central government, the individual state or nation governments retain a strong sense of independence. |
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issues with the articles of the confederation |
hard to get anything done, super majority made things almost impossible, weak, not adequately funded, had to change your money to do business from one state to the next |
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amendment process |
proposal: 2/3 of both chambers of congress must agree OR 2/3 state legislatures request a convention ratification: 3/4 vote of all state legislatures (38 votes) OR 3/4 vote in special conventions |
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webster v reproductive health |
missouri law prohibited funding of abortions, public employees from participating in abortion, exceptions if the abortion was necessary to save woman's life. supreme court ruled in favor of missouri |
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planned parenthood v casey |
prohibition of undue burden, the purpose oreffect of placing a substantial obstacle in the path of a woman seeking anabortion before the fetus attains viability. When it was about to be decided, itwas possible that the Supreme Court could overturn Roe v Wade; decided not to,precedent in RvW isupheld. A number of restrictions on abortion that PA had enacted wereconstitutional. States may regulate abortion but may not put in front of awoman an undue burden. Definition is vague, could beapplied in different ways depending on what laws are |
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