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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is removed from denominator of repeated-measures ANOVA?
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-differences between people
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In two factor ANOVA, mean effect is defined as...
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Mean differences among levels of one factor
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2 Factor ANOVA shows significant main effect for Factor A, and for Factor B.
We can conclude what about interaction..... |
NOTHING
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2 Levels Factor A
3 Levels Factor B n=10 for all df values?? |
3-1 = 1
2x3=6, 10-1=9 9X6 = 54 so Levels B - Levels A (AxB) x (n-1) |
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Analysis of variance for 2 factor produces how many F-ratios?
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3 F-Ratios (A, B, AxB)
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SS(BETWEEN) =
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SS(A) + SS(B) + SS(AxB)
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Most important reason for ANOVA instead of multiple t?
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Multiple t-test --> inflated type 1 error (reject when true)
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In ANOVA MS provides measure of ....
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Variance
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in ANOVA, MS(between) provides measure of...
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average variability between means
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Which SS is directly influenced by size of sample variance?
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SS(within)
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Which SS is directly influenced by size of sample mean differences?
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SS(between)
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In 4 x 9 ANOVA, how many factors?
A x B format, how many? |
2 Factors (4 and 9)
2 (A and B) |
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How do main effects influence interaction effects?
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-Significant interaction makes it harder to see main effect in a graph
-Mathematically, significant interaction effect does nothing to main effect |
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Which component remains constant across all F-ratios in two way ANOVA?
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Overall variance within groups
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F-value cannot be what kind of number?
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Negative number
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Correlation does not imply
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Causation
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What does correlation describe
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Relationship between two variables
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Limits of Correlation
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Third variable could be affecting
3rd variable problem |
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NUmerical value called ______to describe relationship in correlation.
How big? |
Pearson's R
-1 to 1 |
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What does Pearson's R describe
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1. Direction
2. Strength 3. Shape |
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Positive Direction Correlation
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High X value, High Y value
Gets bigger going to right |
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Negative Direction Correlation
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Low X Value, High Y value
Gets smaller going to right |
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Strength of correlation is indicated by....
On scatterplot? |
Magnitiude of pearson's r
-1 to 1 On scatterplot : How loose or tightly clustered |
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Pearson's R of 0 indicates what?
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No relationship
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Linear Correlation SHape
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points vary around a straight line
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Curvilinear Correlation Shape
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points vary around curved line
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Null hypothesis of Correlation
Alternative hypothesis of Correlation |
H(0): p= 0
H(1) = p does not equal 0 |
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When post-hoc test?
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If levels of a factor with significant main effect is >2
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What is a main effect?
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When means are different among levels of factor
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What is interaction effect?
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when mean differences between cells in table are different than what would be predicted from overall main effects
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Interaction in a graph?
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Interaction = lines intersect
No interaction = lines parallel |
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Mean effect in graph?
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Distance between lines
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Numerator/Denominator of F in One-Way ANOVA
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variance between treatments/variance within treatments
variance between / variance within |
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Hypotheses for One-Way ANOVA
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H(0) = u(1) = u(2) = u(3) ...all same
H(1) = atleast one differs |
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Variance in One-Way ANOVA
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MS(between) = treatment effects plus error
MS(within) = error variance |
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k =
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number of treatment conditions
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N=
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number of total scores
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T=
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sum of scores in each condition
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G=
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grand total of all scores
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F (ANOVA Test statistics) =
(One way) |
MSbetween / MSwithin
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