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66 Cards in this Set
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what is the definition of a ruminant
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mammal that chews the cud regurgitated from its rumen. The ruminants comprise the cattle, sheep, antelopes, deer, giraffes, and their relatives. |
rumen is the first stomach of a ruminant, which receives food or cud from the esophagus |
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cattle, sheep and goats have how many stomach compartments |
4. the first 3 are outpouching from the esophagus: rumen, reticulum and omasum. abomasum is considered the true stomach |
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llamas have 3 stomachs and are called |
pseudoruminants |
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what are the 2 types of cattle used by humans |
dairy and beef |
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tool used to administer pills or magnets to livestock is |
balling gun , also called bolus gun |
gun |
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amount of time between birth of a calf and birth of the next one is called |
calving interval |
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body of an animal after its been slaughtered is called |
carcass |
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restraint method used to with ropes to get animal in lateral recumbency ( on the side ) is called |
casting |
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first milk-like substance produced by the female which is thick, yellow and high in protein and antibodies is called |
colostrum |
1st milk |
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first offspring from purebred parents of different breeds or variety is called |
F1 generation |
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confined area where an animal is fed until it is slaughtered is called |
feedlot |
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act of increasing the feeding before breeding or embryo transfer to increase the # of ova released is called |
flushing |
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maggot infestation is called |
fly strike |
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bull used to detect females in heat where the penis might be surgically deviated to the side or vasectomized is called |
gomer bull or teaser bull |
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individual housing pen for calves and other small animals like rabbits is called |
hutch |
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offspring resulting in the mating of 2 different species is called a |
hybrid |
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the tendency of a crossbred individual to show qualities superior to those of both parents |
hybrid vigor and also called heterosis |
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lead rope is |
piece of rope or leather attached via a clasp to a halter |
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charged metal device used to prevent hardware disease . Given orally and placed in the reticulum |
magnet |
they eat anything off the ground there could be wire, nails etc.. |
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disorder mainly of dairy cows in late pregnancy or early lactation. It is a metabolic disease caused by a low blood calcium level |
milk fever , also called Parturient paresis |
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bloodless castration by crushing the spermatic cord using a emasculatome is called |
pinch |
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underdeveloped horns that are not attached to the skull |
scurs |
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somatic cell count is |
indicator of quality of milk by determination of number of white cells ( leukocytes ) to test for mastitis |
quality of milk |
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the phase of estrus where female bovine will stand to be mounted is called |
standing heat |
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distal part of bovine tail that consist of long coarse hairs is called |
switch |
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tailing , also called tail jack is |
restraint technique used in cattle where the tailhead ( tail ) is grasped and raised vertically |
restraint technique |
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tie stall is |
stall only large enough for one animal which is usually tied by a neck chain ( cattle) or halter ( horse) |
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milk solids is |
portion of milk that is left after water is removed |
includes protein and fat |
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milk veins, also called mammary veins is |
veins found on the ventral part of the abdomen |
milk sac |
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milk yield is |
amount of milk produced in a given period |
amount |
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passage way that takes milk from the teat cistern to the outside is called |
streak canal or papillary duct or teat canal |
3 different names |
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metal cup used with a lid to detect mastitis is called |
strip cup |
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supernumerary teats is |
more then the normal amount of teats |
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teat cistern is |
cavity inside the teat where milk is secreted before leaving the teat |
cavity inside nipple |
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teat dipping is |
submerging or spraying nipple with antiseptic to prevent development of mastitis |
in prevention to mastitis |
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teat stripping is |
removing milk from the teat at the top between the thumb and the forefinger and then pulling downwards to remove milk |
also called stripping |
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udder is |
milk production organ in ruminants and equine species |
milk production |
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act of chewing cud is called |
cudding |
cud is regurgitated food particles |
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dental pad is |
hard surface of the upper mouth of the cattle that serves for upper teeth |
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feed , also called feedstuff is |
any dietary component that provides nutrients |
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act of feeding beef cattle high quality feed before being slaughtered to increase carcass quality is called |
finishing |
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fibrous indigestible material in food that aids the passage of food and waste products through the gut. is called |
roughage |
also called forage |
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sheep usually give birth to how many lambs |
2-3 |
sheep usually give birth to twins rather then single lambs |
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process of clipping wool from dock, udder and vulva of a sheep is called |
crutching |
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docking means |
removal of the distal part of the tail , also means reducing in value |
short docking reduces in value as it causes rectum prolapses ( usually done just ofr looks ), long docking is better , where its cut 2 inches further |
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felting means |
wool fibers interlocked when rubbed together under heat, moisture and pressure |
ex: needle felting |
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another term for wool is |
fleece |
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lanolin is |
fatty, yellowish substance that comes from the wool of sheep. It is excreted by the sebaceous glands on their skin, and acts as waterproofing so they don't get cold. |
also called wool grease |
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adult sheep meat is called |
mutton |
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sheep rumping or tipping is what kind of restraint method |
by placing them in the sitting position with the front legs elevated |
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to shave off wool or hair is called |
shear |
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term used to remove horn growth in calves by use of a hot iron or caustic substance |
disbud |
also called debudding caustic = able to burn or corrode through by chemical action |
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flesh hanging from the throat area in chicken,turkeys and goats is called |
a wattle |
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what species are part of the Camelid family |
llamas alpacas vicunas guancos |
4 |
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difference between llamas and Alpacas is |
Llamas is larger species with less desirable wool where Alpacas are smaller and have hight quality wool |
size and wool quality |
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difference between Guancos and Vicunas |
Vicunas is the smallest and rarest with fine high quality wool, where a Guancos is slightly smaller then llamas and undomesticated |
size and wool quality + in the Camelid there is 1 breed out of the 4 that is undomesticated |
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copulation term for llamas is |
cushing |
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fighting teeth in llamas is |
set of 6 teeth in llamas upper and lower canine on each side ( 4 ) + upper vestigial incisor (2) |
cannine teeth and frontal teeth |
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Bovine Respiratory syncytial virus vaccine is for |
Paramyxovirus infection associated with fatal pneumonia |
abbreviated BRSV or RSV |
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Bovine viral diarrhea vaccine is for |
virus infection in bovine thats associated with acute stomatitis, gastroenteritis and diarrhea |
abbreviated BVD |
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Clostridial disease vaccine is |
group of bacterial infectious conditions wich includes black leg, malignant edema, pulpy kidney and overeating disease |
caused by various species of clostridium bacterium |
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infectious bovine rhinotracheitis vaccine is |
herpes virus infection of bovine thats associated with fever, anorexia, cough, tachypnea ( abnormaly rapid breathing) |
abbreviated IBR |
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Leptospirosis vaccine is |
bacterial disease where signs include: renal failure, jaundice, fever and abortion |
caused by the bacterium Leptospira |
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Parainfluenza vaccine is |
paramyxovirus infection associated with fever, cough and diarrhea |
part of the shipping fever complex abbreviated PI-3 |
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tetanus vaccine is |
highly fatal bacterial disease associated with hyperesthesia, tetany, and convulsions, also called lockjaw |
caused by toxins from bacterium clostridium tetani |
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vibriosis vaccine is for |
fetus bacterial infection thats associated with infertility and irregular estrus cycles |
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