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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
vital sign of eye
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visual acuity; everyone gets it
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glasses on or off during pinhole test
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glasses ON; if no improvement they have an acuteproblem on top of their visual problem
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tonometry
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intraocular pressure measurement;
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slit lamp exam
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used to examine anterior segment
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photophobia in red eye exam
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indicates anterior inflammation (conjunctivitis); slit lamp exam
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fluorescein stain
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stains exposed bowman's membrane, which would be exposed if epithelium has been destroyed in a corneal scratch;
drip in eye then shine cobalt blue light on it; if theres green staining indicating exposed bowmans then theres a corneal scratch or something |
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cells and flare
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shine light in; due to proteins an or precipitates the light is refracted and flares out; indicates anterior uveitis
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Corneal edema; there is light refraction/diffuse light reflection in the eye, slight halo around beam
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Anterior uveitis; light refraction; needs referral
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Hypopyon; eye emergency; IV antibiotics and culture, systemic antibiotics, surgical intervention
endogenus endophthalmitis |
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A welder who just went skiing
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Keratitis; inflammation of the cornea alone; usually bilateral, completely preventable, usually heals well
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ciliary flush, edematous cornea, fixed pupil, terrible pain
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angle closure glaucoma
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"billowing" iris under a slit lamp due to angle closure glaucoma; straight beam of light curved by forward bowing iris
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what should you do before dilating eyes for a retinal exam
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Oblique flashtight test for narrow angle - prior to dlating eye for retinal exam
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narrow angle by gonioscopy - dont want to dilate this pt
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neovascularization/corneal edema seen; big white ugly ulcer; pushes dx to infectious or granulomatous dz; eye sight threatening
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large corneal abrasion, fluorescein stained, cobalt blue light
most abrasions will get better on their own in a few days; must differentiate ulcer from abrasion (ulcer is white in regular light without staining = inflammation, clean = scrape only) |
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corneal abrasion; pebble or something in upper lid which scrapes cornea everytime they blink; skating ice rink sing
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allergic conjunctivitis; eye looks okay; just swelling around eyes
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giant papillary conjunctivitis (giant pupillae in lids)
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viral conjunctivitis; gonna get better but highly infectious; herpes must be excluded first
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dendriic herpetic ulcer, fluorescein stained under cobalt blue light; if left alone may destroy cornea; if you start them on steroids herpes WILL go wild and take over cornea
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herpes zoster opthalmicus; lesions on tip of nose indicate nasociliary branch of opthalmic nerve is involved which means cornea is involved
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follicular conjunctivitis; like papillae but smaller
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inflammatory tarsal membrane would keep scraping on eye if not removed in this case of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis
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pseudomonas keratitis
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seen in ICU in pts on ventilators for a long time who havent gotten proper eye care
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trachoma; little village with poor sanitary standards; chronic chalmydial infection and major cause of blindness in undeveloped countries
a. inflammation of lid b. vertical scarring and turns lid under c. lashes start tearing at cornea d. chronic messed up cornea |
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someone working on car underneath
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corneal metallic foreign body with rust ring;
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Iris herniation; consider possibility of intraocular foreign body
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