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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
colligative properties
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properties of solutions that depend on the concentration of the solute particles, rather than the identity of the solute
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Raoult's Law
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when a non-volatile solute is added to a solvent, vapor pressure of the solvent decreases in proportion to the concentration of the solute.
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What happens to vapor pressure as you add solute?
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decreases
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What happens to boiling point as you add solute?
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increases
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What happens to freezing point as you add solute?
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decreases
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molality
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moles of solute per kg solvent
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osmosis
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the movement of small solvent molecules from one side of the membrane to another (high to low concentration). Solute cannot cross because they are too large.
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semi-permeable membrane
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allows solvent but not solute to diffuse from one side to the other
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what happens to osmotic pressure as solute amount increases?
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increases
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osmotic pressure
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used to stop flow across the membrane
pi=MRT |
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osmolarity
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M solution x (mol particles/ 1 mol solution)
Note how the compound breaks up in the solution to define the mol particles. Distinguish between those particles that dissociate and those who don't. |
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what does cell function require?
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maintenance of osmotic pressure inside and outside the cell
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crenation
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water leaves the cell, causing it to shrivel
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hemolysis
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too much water enters the cell, causing it to burst
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hypotonic
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lower than normal solution
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hypertonic
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higher than normal
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isotonic
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same, normal
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