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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Chromosome
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COMPOSITION
-made of DNA -bacterial chromosome NOT enclosed with membrane FUNCTION -carries genetic info for cell -gentetic info is code for all proteins cell synthesizes -oid means resembling |
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Plasmid
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COMPOSITION
-circular molecules of extrachromosomal DNA FUNCTION -do not carry codes for essential cell characteristics -may carry code for resistance to antimicrobial drugs -from E COLI which codes for resistance to tetracyline and ampicillin |
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Ribosome
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COMPOSITION
-consists of ribosomal RNA -have two subunits -30 S and 50 S -Total size 70 S FUNCTION -site of protein synthesis and translation (EUKARYOTIC have 80 S total and 60 S + 40 S) |
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Cell Membrane
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COMPOSITION
-No sterols found here -has electron transport chain similar to one found in mitochondria in eukaryotic cells (bacterial cells have no membrane bound structures and no mitochondria) FUNCTION -conservation of energy |
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Positive Cell Wall
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COMPOSITION
-upper left note thick layer of peptidoglycan outside cell membrane -lower left note dar layer of peptidoglycan in this photo of a gram positive organism taken from electron microscope |
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Negative Cell Wall
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COMPOSITION
-components of GN cell wall -inner cell membrane, peptidoglycan and the outer bilayer membrane composed of phospholipids and polysaccharides FUNCTION -gives cell osmotic protection |
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Cytoskeleton
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v
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Fimbria
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COMPOSITION
-not cilia - |
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Pilus
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v
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Flagellum
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COMPOSITION
-composed of protein -require large amounts of energy to move the bacterial cell FUNCTION -run and tumble -chemotaxis |
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Inclusion
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COMPOSITION
-some bacteria store concentrated material inside the cell like polyhydroxybutyrate FUNCTION -material is stored to provide a source of energy or carbon for the organism |
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Capsule
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COMPOSITION
-may be found in pathogens FUNCTION -prevent phagocytosis |
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Slime Layer
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COMPOSITION
-loosely attached to the cell -found in biofilms FUNCTION -attachment -use biofilms to attach to surfaces, such as to teeth or catheters |
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Spore
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COMPOSITION
-single bacterium will enclose the chromosome and a few select enzymes in a thick nearly impenetrable spore coat FUNCTION -used for survival under adverse conditions -bioterrorism |