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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
the forward force produced by the powerplant/ propeller or rotor. |
Thrust |
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It opposes or overcomes the force of drag. |
Thrust |
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As a general rule, thrust acts 1._____ to the 2._______ . |
1. parallel 2. longitudinal axis |
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Thrust is the 1._____ force produced by the 2._______. It opposes or overcomes the force of 3.______. |
1. forward 2. powerplant/ propeller or rotor 3. drag |
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a rearward, retarding force caused by disruption of airflow by the wing, rotor, fuselage, and other protruding objects. |
Drag |
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As a general rule, drag opposes 1._____ and acts 2._______ to the 3.______. |
1. thrust 2. rearward parallel 3. relative wind |
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Drag is a 1._____, retarding force caused by 2.______ of airflow by the wing, rotor, fuselage, and other protruding objects. |
1. Rearward 2. disruption |
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is a force that is produced by the dynamic effect of the air acting on the airfoil |
Lift |
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acts perpendicular to the flight path through the center of lift (CL) and perpendicular to the lateral axis. |
Lift |
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In level flight, lift opposes the ________. |
downward force of weight |
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Lift is a force that is produced by the 1._______ acting on the airfoil, and acts 2._______ to the flight path through the center of 3._____ and perpendicular to the 4._____. |
1. dynamic effect of the air 2. perpendicular 3. lift 4. lateral axis |
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the combined load of the aircraft itself, the crew, the fuel, and the cargo or baggage. |
Weight |
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is a force that pulls the aircraft downward because of the force of gravity. |
Weight |
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Weight is the combined load of the 1.______. |
aircraft itself, the crew, the fuel, and the cargo or baggage |
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Weight is a force that pulls the aircraft 1._______ because of the force of gravity. It opposes 2._____ and acts 3._______ through the aircraft’s center of gravity (CG). |
1.downward 2. lift 3. vertically downward |
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The axis passes through the CG and parallel to a line from nose to tail |
Longitudinal axis |
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The motion about the aircraft’s longitudinal axis is |
Roll |
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Longitudinal axis passes through the CG and parallel to a line from _______ |
nose to tail |
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The axis that passes through the CG at right angles to the other two axis |
Vertical axis |
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The motion about its vertical axis is |
Yaw |
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Vertical axis passes through the 1._____ at 2.______ to the othertwo axis |
1. CG 2. right angles |
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The axis that passes parallel to a line from wing tip to wingtip
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Lateral axis |
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The motion about its lateral axis is the |
Pitch |
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Lateral axis passes parallel to a line from ________ |
wing tip to wing tip |
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Whenever an aircraft changes its flight attitude or position in flight, it rotates about _________. |
one or more of the three axis |
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The axis of an aircraft are three imaginary lines that pass through an aircraft’s 1.______ . The three axis pass through the CG at 2.____ angles to each other. |
1. CG 2. 90° |
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The three motions of the conventional airplane |
roll pitch yaw |
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Roll is controlled by the _____ |
ailerons |
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Pitch is controlled by the ______ |
elevators |
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Yaw is controlled by the ______ |
rudder |
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is the inherent quality of an aircraft to correct for conditions that may disturb its equilibrium and to return to or to continue on the original flight path. |
Stability |
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Stability is the inherent quality of an aircraft to correct for conditions that may disturb its 1. ______ and to return to or to continue on the 2._____. |
1. equilibrium 2. original flight path |
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What is stability? |
Stability is the inherent quality of an aircraft to correct for conditions that may disturb its equilibrium and to return to or to continue on the original flight path. |
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The two types of stability are: |
static and dynamic |
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It refers to the initial tendency, or direction of movement, back to equilibrium. |
Static stability |
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In aviation, it refers to the aircraft’s initial response when disturbed from a given pitch, yaw, or bank |
Static stability |
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What is static stability |
It refers to the initial tendency, or direction of movement, back to equilibrium. |
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Static stability refers to the 1.______, or direction of movement, back to equilibrium. In aviation, it refers to the aircraft’s 2.______ when disturbed from a given pitch, yaw, or bank |
1. initial tendency 2. initial response |
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the initial tendency of the aircraft to return to the original state of equilibrium after being disturbed. |
Positive static stability |
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What is Positive static stability |
the initial tendency of the aircraft to return to the original state of equilibrium after being disturbed. |
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Positive static stability is the 1.______ of the aircraft to return to the 2.______of equilibrium after being 3.______. |
1. initial tendency 2. original state 3. disturbed |
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the initial tendency of the aircraft to remain in a new condition after its equilibrium has been disturbed. |
Neutral static stability |
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Neutral static stability is the initial tendency of the aircraft to remain in a _______ after its equilibrium has been disturbed. |
new condition |
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An aircraft that has ________ tends to stay in its new attitude when it's disturbed. |
neutral static stability |
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the initial tendency of the aircraft to continue away from the original state of equilibrium after being disturbed. |
Negative static stability |
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Negative static stability is the initial tendency of the aircraft to ________ from the original state of equilibrium after being disturbed. |
continue away |
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an aircraft that has ________ tends to continue moving away from its original attitude when it's disturbed. |
negative static stability |
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Example of positive static stability |
you hit some turbulence, and the nose pitches up. Immediately after that happens, the nose lowers and returns to its original attitude. |
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Example of neutral static stability |
if you hit turbulence and your nose pitches up 5 degrees, and then immediately after that it stays at 5 degrees nose up, |
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Example of negative static stability |
if you hit turbulence and your nose pitches up, and then immediately continues pitching up |
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It refers to the aircraft response over time when disturbed from a given pitch, yaw, or bank. |
Dynamic stability |
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Dynamic stability refers to the aircraft ________ when disturbed from a given pitch, yaw, or bank. |
response over time |
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What is dynamic stability |
It refers to the aircraft response over time when disturbed from a given pitch, yaw, or bank. |
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Dynamic stability also has three subtypes |
Positive dynamic stability Neutral dynamic stability Negative dynamic stability |
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over time, the motion of the displaced object decreases in amplitude and, because it is positive, the object displaced returns toward the equilibrium state.
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Positive dynamic stability |
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Positive dynamic stability—over time, the motion of the displaced object 1.______ and, because it is positive, the object displaced returns 2._____ the equilibrium state. |
1. decreases in amplitude 2. toward |
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once displaced, the displaced object neither decreases nor increases in amplitude.
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Neutral dynamic stability |
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Neutral dynamic stability—once displaced, the displaced object 1.______. A 2.________ exhibits this tendency. |
1.neither decreases nor increases in amplitude 2. worn automobile shock absorber |
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What is positive dynamic stability |
over time, the motion of the displaced object decreases in amplitude |
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What is neutral dynamic stability |
once displaced, the displaced object neither decreases nor increases in amplitude. |
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over time, the motion of the displaced object increases and becomes more divergent |
Negative dynamic stability |
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Negative dynamic stability—over time, the motion of the displaced object _______ |
increases and becomes more divergent |
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What is negative dynamic stability |
over time, the motion of the displaced object increases and becomes more divergent |
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Positive static stability |
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Neutral static stability |
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Negatice static stability |
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Positive dynamic stability |
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Neutral static stability |
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Negative dynamic stability |