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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A method of transport by which strong winds cause small particles to stay airborne for long distances
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suspension
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a method of wind transport which causes a bouncing motion of larger particles. It accounts for most sand transport by wind.
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saltation
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in deflation, the coarse surface left behind is called what? An example is the Dust Bowl.
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Desert Pavement
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What are the 4 types of dunes?
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Barchan, Transverse, Longitudinal, and Parabolic
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What are Barchan dunes?
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Barchan dunes are dunes with cresent shapes that point downward.
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What are Transverse dunes?
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Transverse dunes are dunes with a series of ridge shapes, they form perpendicular to the direction of the wind.
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What are Parabolic dunes?
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Parabolic dunes are dunes that form in ridge shapes that point upward or upwind...
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What are Longitudinal dunes?
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Longitudinal dunes are dunes that form in a series of ridge shapes, they form parallel to the direction of the wind.
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What are the four conditions that determine the particular shape of a dune....
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The direction of the wind, the velocity of the wind, the amount of vegetation, and the availability of sand.
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A deep crack in a valley glacier is called a what?
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crevasse
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The last ice age ended how many years ago?
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10,000
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Glaciers currently cover how much of Earth's surface?
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10 percent
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During the last ice age, glaciers covered nearly how much of Earth's surface?
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one-third
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What is the most powerful agent of erosion?
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glaciers
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What are some land features that are formed by glaciers?
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eskers, kames, drumlins, moraines, cirques, kettles, u-shaped valleys, and hanging valleys
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All mass movements occur on __________s.
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slopes
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What are the four factors that affect mass movements?
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a trigger, water, the material's weight, and the material's resistance to sliding.
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What are the four types of mass movements?
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creep, slides, flows, and {rock}falls
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Creep that occurs in regions of permafrost is called what?
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Solifluction
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What do you call a mudflow that occurs after a volcanic eruption?
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lahar
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Rock falls are less likely to occur in what types of regions?
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humid regions
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How can humans reduce the risk of having destruction by mass movements?
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By not building structures on or near slopes
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Compare and contrast valley and continental glaciers..
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Valley glaciers form in high, mountainous areas and continental glaciers cover continent-sized areas. They both move outward as snow gathers at the zone of accumulation.
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Explain how glaciers form..
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Glaciers form near Earth's poles in mountainous areas with high elevations. Accumulation of unmelted snow develops into a glacier.
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Give two examples of how glaciers modify landscapes.
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They erode and deposit rocks
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Why can loess travel greater distances than sand?
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Loess is silt, which is a lot finer than sand
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Why is wind an effective agent of erosion?
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It can move materials uphill, like no other agent of erosion
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What are ventifacts?
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Ventifacts are rocks shaped by windblown sediment.
They are formed by abrasion. |
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What is abrasion?
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Abrasion is a process of erosion when sand particles rub against the surface of rocks or other materials.
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What is deflation?
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Deflation is the lowering of the land surface that results from the wind's removal of surface particles.
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What is a dune?
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A dune is a pile of windblown sand
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What is a glacier?
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A glacier is a moving mass of ice.
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What is a cirque?
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A cirque is a deep depression that is scooped out by a valley glacier.
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What is an arete?
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An arete is a sharp, steep ridge that forms where two cirques on opposite sides of a valley meet
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What is a horn?
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a horn is a steep, pyramid-shaped peak when there are glaciers on three or more sides of a mountaintop.
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_________ valleys are formed when tributary glaciers converge with the primary glaciers and later retreat.
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hanging valleys
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small scratches on a glacier are called _________ and larger ones are called ____________?
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striations; grooves
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Glaciers deposit unsorted ridges of till called _____?
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moraines
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The area at the leading edge of the glacier where the meltwater flows and deposits is
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outwash plain
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Continental glaciers that move ober older moraines form the material into elongated landforms called what?
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drumlins
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streams flowing under melting glaciers leave long, winding ridges of layered sediments which are called what?
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eskers
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A what is a mound of layered sediment deposited at the retreating face of a glacier and is conical in shape.
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kame
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The downslope movement of soil and weathered rock resulting from the force of gravity is known as what?
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a mass movement or mass movements
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The slow, steady, downhill flow of loose, weathered Earth materials, esp soils, is called what?
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creep
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what are swiftly moving mixtures of mud and water
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mudflows
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Rapid, downslope movements of Earth materials that occurs when a relatively thin block of soil, rock, and debris separates from the underlying bedrock are called what?
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landslides
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what is occurring when a mass of material in a landslide moves along a curved surface?
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slump
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landslides that occur in mountainous areas with thick accumulations of snow are called what?
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avalanches
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