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149 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
in the context of chapter ten what is a process not a person or act
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managment
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john diolio says the uality of prison life depends on what more than anything
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managment
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what is associated with a person who gives orders and is concerned with productivity
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authoritarian
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administrator tha gives little or no directin to employees below him is called
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Laissezz faire
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what type of leare communicares through explination and elaboration
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democratic
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managers that get positions as a result of their expertise are called what
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technocratic leaders
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a manager who might be described as "big daddy" would normally be associated with what type of leadership
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democratic
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george beto the long time director of the texas prison system was a big advocate of what type of managment
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walking around
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John DiIulio describes the Texas prison system under what type of model prior to the early 1980s
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control
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Tom Murton was widely acknowledged to be what type of corrections leader
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participative
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Between 1980 and 1995 the number of employees working for the BOP id what?
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nearly trippeled
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In 2000, 63% of nations correctional employees were assigned to what type of jobs
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correction offoicers
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Any agency or organization that has limited public scrutiny or promotes from within is what type of system?
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closed
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Early in the 20th century most correctional administrations achieved their positions by
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political patronage
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System pioneered by B.O.P. that breaks prisons down into smaller components is called what
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unit manager
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Which prison administrator had his life portrayed in the fictional movie “Reubaker”?
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tom murton
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The terms administration and management may be used interchangeably in many prison organizations
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true
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The book says that most correctional program failures can be attributed to poor management
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true
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Most of the elements of corrections jobs can be described as routine
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false
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Many correctional agencies in the US promote people in management positions from within their own organizations
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true
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All prison wardens in the US are now required to have a college degree
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false
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The ACA code of ethics deals with administrative and non-administrative areas of concern
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true
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Federal laws and state laws require ___ to be fair and equitable when it comes to employee promotions transfers, and disciplinary actions
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true
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What year did the attica prison riot occur
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1971
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what year did the mexico riot oddur
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1980
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Arkansas was the first state to have its prison system to be placed under federal court order, what case imposed this
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holt vs sayer
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What is meant by the term “civil death
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inmate loses many rights
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Which of the following cases dealt with free exercise of religion by black Muslim inmates?
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cooper vs pait
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Section of federal listed as 42-usc-1983 deals with the issue of what
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civil rights claim
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Between 1980 and 2000 the number of civil rights claims did what?
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increased by more than 97 percent
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Vicarious liability is sometimes called what?
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supervisor liability
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Which act was passed by u.s. congress in 1996 to reduce the # of section 1982 claims by prisoner
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prison reform litigation
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The courts may wave filing fees for___ who file appeals, what is this process called?
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inform paupperis
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Cases that dealt with the rights of “jailhouse lawyers” were what
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johnson vs avery
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Which us supreme court case upheld the right of inmates to access the legal materials
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bounds vs smith
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The 1967 case that addressed the rights of probationers facing revocational proceeding
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mempa vs ray
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Which is the 1972 supreme court case dealing with due process rights?
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morissey vs brewer
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Which 1979 case decided you could house 2 inmates in a cell that was originally designed to hold one
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bell vs wolfish
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Judging medical care given to jail and prison inmates the courts employ what standard
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deliberate indifference
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1993 case of helling vs McKinney u.s. supreme court ruled that inmates had the right of what
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smoke free enviornment
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U.s. supreme court struck down the death penalty , what case did this?
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furman vs georgia
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Currently there are about how many people on death row in the US
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3200
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In the 1976 supreme court case that upheld the newly revised death penalty statuets
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greg vs georigia
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Hands off period, before 1964 courts were reluctant to intervene in litigation
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true
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Historically, the reason why judges were reluctant to be involved in prison litigation was because they knew nothing about how to run a prison
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false
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Under precautious liabilities, supervisors can be sued for actions taken by their subordinates
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true
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U.s supreme court decided that inmates may not help other inmates with legal papers such as habeas corpus
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true
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Inmates that file legal actions pro se are requesting legal representation
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false
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The us supreme court decided that 2 inmates may not be housed in a cell for 1
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false
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Supreme court held that executing mentally ill people is cruel and unusal punishment in 2002
• True |
true
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In 2005 the police in the US arrested how many women
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2.5 million
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In 2005, how many women were in US jails
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94 thousand
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How many female inmates were in the state and federal prisons in 2005?
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108,000
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How many women are under correctional supervision (prison, parole, probation, etc.)
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1.25 million
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Between 1996 and 2005 women arrested did what?
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increased by 7 percent
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Which of the following criminologists is associated with the liberation hypothesis as explanation of criminality?
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freda adler
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First separate prison facility for women was opened in what state in 1935
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new york
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The idea that women are subjected first to capital and second to men is associated with what view?
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marxist feminism
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The first womens federal prison was built where?
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alderson west virginia
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Women comprised what percent of the US jail percent of the US jail population in 2005?
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13 percent
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On the annual census day in 2005 how many women were in US jails
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94000
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In terms of offenses, the largest group of female jail inmates are charged with what type of offenses?
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property
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How many exclusively women prisons were there in operation in the year 2000?
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98
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Research done at the end of the 1990’s found that 72% of women in federal prisons had been found guilty of what?
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drug crimes
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Nearly what percent of female inmates have children under the age of 18?
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70
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Men and Women constitute roughly equal sized correctional populations in the US?
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false
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Criminal Justice system focuses more attention on female offenders than male offenders?
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false
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Between 1996 and 2005, male arrest rates decreased while women arrest rates increased?
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true
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Compared to male inmates, female inmates have additional medical needs?
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true
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American prisons in the 19th century typically housed both male and female inmates?
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true
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From 1983-2002 the proportion of women in the nations jail population nearly doubled?
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true
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Male jail inmates are much more likely to be HIV positive than female inmates
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false
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In terms of race over 50% of female jail inmates are white
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false
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More female inmates are first offenders compared to male jail inmates?
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true
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Current drug laws have effected males and females equally?
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false
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Only about 1% of female jail inmates report being physically or sexually abused before being incarcerated
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flase
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Physical and Sexual abuse are common traits shared between many female jail inmates?
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true
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Female prison inmates are more likely to report mental health problems than male inmates?
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true
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Generally speaking, women receive shorter prison sentences than men?
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true
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Womens correction facilities especially need to provide programming on parenting?
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true
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Roughly 2/3rds of the jail employers in the US are female?
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false
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Female prison inmates are less committed to criminal careers than their male counterparts
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true
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Division of human beings into distinctive groups based on their hereditary characteristics is known as what?
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race
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Classification of people according to their common social and ecological traits is known as what
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ethnicity
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One of the reasons to study race and ethnicity for terms of criminal justice processing is to look for what?
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sentencing desparity
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the way we have tried to reduce sentencing disparities is what?
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use of sentencing guidleines
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Currently how many states employ some form of sentencing guidelines?
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21
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Terms of federal drug law penalties, one gram of crack cocaine is equal how many grams of powdered cocaine?
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100 grams
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Recent data from the bureau of justice statistics indicate that nearly what percent of jail population consists of people of color?
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56 percent
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In 2005, ICE apprehended how many illegal aliens entering the US
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185,000
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Federal sentencing guidelines have resulted in what
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longer average in prison sentence
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One way inmates can assert power within a prison is what
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gangs
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Of the 60 people executed in the US in 2005, 41 were what
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white
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William J. Wilson classified societies most disadvantaged group as what?
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underclass
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Members of racial and ethnic minority groups tend to be under-representated in the US correctional population?
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true
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Recent research has demonstrated it is relatively easy to classify people according to their racial and ethnic categories
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true
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In states that use them, sentencing guidelines have eliminated all the discretion from the sentencing process?
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true
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Black and white defendants have different conviction rates for the same crime?
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true
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Under federal drug laws, the penalties for crack and powdered cocaine are substantially different?
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true
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Based on a study of sentencing patterns, nations war on drugs has disproportionally effected blacks?
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true
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In the US, all racial groups have an equal likelihood of going to prison?
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false
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Some frequent explanations of urban youth crime can be tied to the social disorganization theory?
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true
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Most research indicates that minorities receive harsher sentences because they commit worse crimes than non-minorities?
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false
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Many prisons have more minority inmates than they do minority staff members?
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false
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Like the numbers in the prison population, blacks represent a sizeable group of the nations parolees?
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true
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US blacks compose nearly 80% of the nations probation population
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false
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The state that has employed its three strike law more frequently than any other state
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california
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US supreme court ruled that Californias three strike law was not unconstitutionally punitive in which 2003 court case?
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lochieur vs andre
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The clear guiding principle for most contemporary corrections programs is?
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reintegration
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Punishment is associated with what philosophy of corrections?
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• retributionist
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In the past decade, which hasn’t contributed to the growth of prison population?
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• Changes in sentences
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Laws of Criminal Justice Thermodynamics” says that harsher penalties result in what?
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• More likely penalties will be applied
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Which is discussed in the text in relation to the imposition to mandatory and minimum prison sentences?
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• Firearm enhancement law
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The amount of good-time credits that inmates can earn is sometimes called what
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• Discount rate
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Those correction programs that fall on a continuum between tradition probation and incarceration?
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intermediate sanctions
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Which is not considered a reason for an increase in intermediate sanctions
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• Increase in crime rate during the 90’s
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Increased surveillance of probation/parole clients who are on intensive supervision are likely to result what
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• High rates of failure
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As an alternative to parole, several states and the federal system have switched to what?
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• active electronic monitoring
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Over the past decade, what has happened to the number of parolees in the US?
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• Increased substantially
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Prison and jail industry programs are prone to which of the following problems?
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• Inmate idleness
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Sending prisoners to isolated to serve their sentences illustrates the practice of what?
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• banishment
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The most electronic monitoring systems in use employ what type of monitoring systems?
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• active
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Genetic Engineers that are used to change biological features including tendencies to commit crimes is what?
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• eugenics
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US Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the death penalty in what 1976 case?
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• Gregg Vs Georgia
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Most common method of execution in the US is what
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• lethal injection
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The incarceration rate for women has what?
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increaSED
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One of the greatest and infectious disease threats in jail today is what?
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tb
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Which of the following is not associated with reform efforts in corrections
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gen public
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Long term or persistent prison crowding can be characterized as what problem
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chronic
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Three-strikes laws have dramatically reduced crime in the states that employed them
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true
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Over the past decade, states have added parole offices at the same rate as they added
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false
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The use of specialized caseloads can improve the delivery of services to parolees?
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true
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Throughout our history we have gone through cycles of punishment and leniency in terms of corrections ?
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true
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Since the mid 70’s, there has been a general trend of moving from determinate to indeterminate sentences?
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false
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Increasing numbers of agencies have been moving towards specialized caseloads for parole officers
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true
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The most common method for carrying out capital sentences in the US is electrocution?
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• False
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In the past three decades, prison population increasingly has been comprised of blacks and Hispanics?
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true
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Men and women who are incarcerated generally have the same kind of medical issues?
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false
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Since women comprise such a small percentage of the correctional population most states have been able to meet their needs behind bars?
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true
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Prison population in the US now contains both older and younger inmates than in the past?
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true
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prison and jail inmates must be tested for HIV and AIDS before they are released?
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false
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The primary reason for increased number of juveniles being held in adult jails is a larger population of them being tried as adults?
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false
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Most interpersonal violence in jails and prisons is inmate on inmate violence?
• True |
true
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In the past 30 years, there has been an increasing number of women working in institutional corrections
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true
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Courts have ruled it unconstitutional for female correction officers to guard male inmates?
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false
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A major problem faced by female correction officers is sexual harassment from inmates and male staff members
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true
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In general we are incarcerating more people and keeping for longer periods of time in prison in the US
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true
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Most of the cost associated with corrections comes from building new institutions?
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true
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Currently most aspects of corrections operations are thoroughly researched?
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true
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