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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Fire damage
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Starts yellowish brown, then more yellow, then more brownish black. Mineralization after minerals leave your body.
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Kyphosis
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Frontal change in vertebrae
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Scholiosis
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Lateral change in vertebrae
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Wedging
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Usually in vertebrae where cartiladge in between vertebral bones wear away and bones are grinding on each other.
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Richets
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Lack of vitamin D causing abnormal bends in long bones (osteomalitia***- adult form)
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Weathering
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Sunlight is most damaging
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Concentric fracturing
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Circular whose center is at point of bullet impact.
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Bone changes in 3 ways
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Addition, removal, and abnormal changes
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Porotic hyperostosis
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Occipital bone but also parietals and frontal or any other bone of the face... Holes from pinpricks to 3 millimeters in diameter.
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Mal- nutrition
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Not common in contemporary cases
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Necrosis
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Localized bone death
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generalized bone disease
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striations on otherwise smooth cortical surface of long bones.
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Osteophytes
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Small bone spurs arthritis and deterioration (not common in modern life)
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Antemortem bone callouses
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Also caused by surgical procedures.
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Button osteoma
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Indented cavity on skull
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Osteitis
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infection of the bone
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Periostitis
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Infection of the periostium-outer lining of connective tissue
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Infectious disease
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Treponema (syphalis), tuberculosis, leprosy
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Nonmetric traits
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Ossicles (wormian bones), metopic sutures, additional foramina, many dental traits, sacrum-spinabifida
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Additional foramina
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Can be mistaken as puncture wounds or pitting that occurs perimortem and postmortem damage except that they have rounded edges and lack of fracture lines.
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Ossicles
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Additional sutures in the cranium
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Many dental traits
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Dental anomalies are... craniofacial abnormalities of form, function or position of teeth, bones, and tissues of the jaw and mouth
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Weight indicators
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Sex, muscle markings, height, and skeletal robusticity. Broad range by observation and measurements and weights of specific bones
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Handedness
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Compares right and left upper limb bones.
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