Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Definition/Difference between Traditional Tolerance and New Tolerance
|
TRADITIONAL TOLERANCE: Effort to understand one's beliefs, practices, and habits without necessarily accepting them.
NEW TOLERANCE: Effort to understand one's beliefs, practices and habits and accept them as valid approaches to life. |
|
|
Different types of Relativism and how we should respond to each one:
|
1. Cultural or descriptive relativism (We should be okay with this)
2. Normative ethical relativism (we should refute because it is self-contradicting) 3. Metaethical or conceptual relativism 4. Ethical skepticism |
|
|
Seven fatal flaws of ethical relativism
|
RELATIVISTS CONNOT:
1. accuse others of wrong-doing 2. complain about evil 3. place blame or accept praise 4. make claims of unfairness 5. improve their own morality 6. hold meaningful moral discussion 7. promote the obligation of tolerance |
|
|
Problems associated with Ethical Relativism
|
1. Difficult to define a society
2. one may belong to multiple societies 3. problem for moral reformer 4. actions can be wrong regardless of social convention 5. can't blame other societies 6. its an absolutist position 7. its a self-defeating claim 8. self-accepting fallacy 9. they violate our deepest moral intuitions 10. no immoral laws, only laws 11. no possibility of virtue |
|
|
Leibnitization Argument for Sufficient Reason
|
1. For anything that exists, but doesn't have to exist, there must be a reason why it exists.
2. There must be something that exists that is the necessary reason for existence. 3. This necessary reason has to exist because it is necessary. 4. This necessary being is God. |
|
|
(Two types of Design Arguments)
#1 - Theological Arguments |
ARGUMENT FROM ANALOGY
-Object X has traits A, B, C, D -Object Y has traits A, B, C Therefore, Object Y probably has trait D --This is an inductive argument based on empirical data and is an aposteriori argument. *Issue: Does it involve a fair comparison?* |
|
|
Ontological arguments for God
Anselm's Version |
1. It's greater for a thing to exist in the mind and in reality than in the mind alone.
2. God is that which a greater cannot be thought. 3. Suppose that God exists in mind, but not in reality. 4. Then a greater than God can be thought, thought plus real existence. 5. But this is impossible, since God is that which greater cannot be thought. 6. Therefore, God exists in mind and in reality. |
|
|
What is the difference between transmission and historicity of the NT?
|
TRANSMISSION: NT is 97-99% accurate.
HISTORICITY: Bible is unique in its claims, supernatural tenor, explanatory power, ability to transform lives, consistency, etc. |
|
|
What are the various options given for the explanation of the empty tomb/evidence of Jesus' resurrection?
|
1. Jesus was absolutely dead
2. The scene of the tomb 3. Empty tomb 4. No mutual acceptance/reason 5. No other story exists from that time 6. Continuous account 7. Women are first witnesses 8. Absence of late theological reflection 9. No third day motif 10. Presence clear of semitisms 11. No one wanted to report it |
|
|
"Son of Man"
|
Daniel's prophesy of Jesus coming as Messiah
|
|
|
"Firstborn"
|
Christ is 'firstborn' of all creation, ruler over all things
|
|
|
"Begotten"
|
Denotes Jesus as coming from Father, and serves as another claim that Christ is God.
|
|
|
What is wrong with this statement:
"It is wrong to force your views on others!" |
You yourself is forcing your own view on that person by saying this.
*Self-refuting* |
|
|
Understand the various points of the Kalam Cosmological argument
|
1. Argument of causation
......-Nothing can be caused of itself ......-There cannot be an infinite regress of causes ......-There exists an uncaused cause=God 2. Argument of Contingency ......-Every being is either contingent or necessary ......-Not every being can be contingent .......-God is the necessary being upon which the contingent being depends ......-GOD EXISTS 3. Argument from Motion ......-Motion requires a prime mover or first mover 4. Argument from goodness: ......-The existence of goodness requires Ultimate Goodness 5. Argument from Harmony: ......-Direction to events requires a director. |
|
|
Reproduce the Kalam diagram
|
_______Universe Exists________
_____///__________\\\________ __No Beginning____Beginning___ ______________///______\\\___ ________Caused____Not Caused _______///_______\\\_________ Rndm Drctnlss Frc___Prsnl Agnt__ ___________________|||______ ______________Wise, powerful, timeless, immaterial, separate from universe, capable of choices, causeless |
|
|
3 Main arguments against the Kalam
|
1. Maybe the universe has always been here.
2. Maybe an event caused the Universe. Infinite regress. 3. Something impersonal and material caused the universe to form |
|
|
4 Reasons to prove the Universe had a beginning
|
1. The hot big bang singularity
2. 2nd Law of Thermodynamics 3. Actual infinities dont exist 4. Impossible to "cross" an actual infinite. Infinite numbers of past events. |
|
|
(Evidences to support Biblical historicity and veracity)
Deductive Argument #1 |
1. Scripture is as reliable as historical data
2. Jesus' claim to be God is clearly recorded in the scriptures 3. Jesus' claim to be God is true 4. Jesus declares the Scriptures to be true 5. Therefore, the Scriptures are indeed true |
|
|
(Evidences to support Biblical historicity and veracity)
Deductive Argument #2 |
1. God's nature is such that He can only speak with truth
2. Scientific and philosophical assumptions of its worldview 3. Theological validity of its doctrine |
|
|
Cumulative Argument for Biblical Historicity and Veracity (14 Points):
|
1. Uniqueness of Bible
2. Internal claim to be true, inspired and from God 3. Universal claims and application 4. Supernatural tenor 5. Explanatory power (universe, meaning, satisfaction, pain, suffering, death, etc) 6. Ability to transform lives 7. Consistent with natural theology 8. Divine activity: intervention, miracles, communication, angels, etc. 9. Confirmation based on internal consistency 10. Confirmation based on manuscript evidence 11. Confirmation based on archeology 12. Confirmation based on Messianic and Historical prophesy 13. Confirmation based on Miracles 14. Confirmation based on resurrection |
|
|
What is the difference between bibliographical test and internal evidence test?
|
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL TEST -- deals with the number of manuscripts and time interval.
INTERNAL EVIDENCE TEST -- eye-witness testimony |
|
|
Understand/draw the *Trilemma Diagram* (Lord, Liar, Lunatic)
|
............Jesus Claimed to be God.
..........//.......................\\........ ...........F........................T........ ......//.......\\..................||........ .LIAR.....unaware.......He is LORD ...||.......he is lying.................... Evil...........||............................ ..............LUNATIC.................... |
|
|
Argue for the deity of Christ from various angles
|
1. His various relationships
2. His various deeds 3. His direct claims 4. Claims by others 5. Exegetically significant passages 6. Philosophically significant John 1:3 7. Qualities possessable only by God 8. Titles which are ascribed to God |
|
|
What is Arianism and what modern cult supports it?
|
ARIANISM=Rejection of the deity of Christ.
Jehovah Witnesses support this. |
|
|
What information does Natural Theology give us and what are its limits?
|
*It gives us knowledge about God through general revelation.
*It cannot give us knowledge about how we are to be saved |
|
|
Know the content of Natural theology from:
-Ps 19:1-7 -Rm 1:18-21 -Acts 17:17-34 |
PS. 19:1-7 -- The heavens declare God's glory.
RM 1:18-21 -- The truth about God can be known through the conscious. ACTS 17:7-34 -- We are made in the image of God. |
|
|
The role and limits of Apologetics:
|
APOLOGETICS defends and promotes the truthfulness of the Christian faith by appropriate means of persuasion in order to convince people to understand the Gospel.
**It does not bring people to Christ, the Holy Spirit does that |
|
|
Is Pascal's wager and argument for the existence of God?
|
No, it is a suggestion of the benefits of believing in God.
|
|
|
What are two major statistical probabilities related to Messianic prophesies?
|
A man would fullfil 8 prophesies: 1 chance in 10^17 (texas in 2 feet of coins)
A man would fullfil 48 prophesies: 1 chance in 10^157 (electrons) |
|
|
Give illustrations for two major Messianic prophesies
|
1st: Cyrus issues decree about Jerusalem
2nd: Destruction of Tyre |
|
|
What areas and topics do we expect natural theology to address?
|
THE NATURE OF:
1. suffering 2. salvation 3. human desire 4. reality 5. history |
|
|
How can we move from theism from the Kalam to Christian Theism?
|
CRITERIA 1: Logical Consistency
CRITERIA 2:Picture of God in a revelation should agree with natural theology CRITERIA 3: revelation should offer an accurate and satisfying diagnosis and solution for human condition CRITERIA 4: What should accompany revelation to confirm its devine origin? |
|
|
Why is the resurrection important?
|
IT DEALS WITH:
1. justification 2. proof for God's message 3. proof of Jesus' deity 4. issue of life after death 5. serious ramifications if false |
|
|
What are the main arguments that try to explain away the resurrection?
|
1. conspiracy theory
2. hallucination theory 3. swoon theory |
|
|
What are the details of Jesus' death and burial?
|
100 lbs of spices
|
|
|
Design argument from interference to best explanation
|
The notion of a designer seems to give the best answer for all things
|
|
|
Argument from the anthropic principles
|
The universe is so complex that if a slight thing were off, it would not function
|
|
|
argument from conscience
|
We all know deep down inside that there is a God
|
|
|
argument from contingency
|
All things created are contingent on a greater power
|
|
|
argument from religious experience
|
people have unexplainable experienced induced by religion
|
|
|
moral argument
|
We are moral because of a supremely moral being
|
|
|
argument from consciousness
|
Theism gives the best explanation for consciousness
|
|
|
argument from desire
|
We have desires only fulfillable by God
|
|
|
design argument from analogy
|
Watchmaker - A watch has a designer, so does the universe
|
|
|
ontological argument
|
God is the greatest thinkable being. It makes sense both inside and outside of the mind.
|
|
|
argument from aesthetic experience
|
Things are beautiful just because. There must be a creator.
|
|
|
common consent argument
|
Most people believe that God exists
|
|
|
T/F?
Archeology proves the Bible is the word of God |
FALSE. Only supplemental.
|
