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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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By 1787, many Americans felt there was a need for a new or restructured government. WHY?
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-Shay’s Rebellion
-Failures of the Articles -Economic Difficulties -Founding Fathers motivated by “self-interest??” |
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-Revise the Articles?
-Agree to meet in Philadelphia |
Annapolis Convention
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-Draft new system of gov’t
-Secret, closed sessions |
Constitutional Convention
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Virginia Plan was proposed by
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James Madison
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-Large states
-Three branches -Bicameral legislature -Representation based on population -Most of final document |
Virginia plan ideas
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New Jersey Plan was proposed by
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William Patterson
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-Small state plan
-More similar to Articles -Bicameral legislature -Equal representation -Partly accepted |
New Jersey Plan ideas
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-Three branches
-Single executive -Bicameral legislature |
The Great Compromise had this
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Bicameral Legislature
Upper House: |
Senate, equal representation
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Bicameral Legislature
Lower House: |
House of Representatives, population
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Established framework for new government
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The Great Compromise did this
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The three branches of the great compromise's new government had a system of
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separate powers with checks and balances
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Constitution recognized tribes as legal ______, but not outright _____.
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entities, nations
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The Three-fifths Compromise also included
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no banning of slave trade for 20 years
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_______ were supporters of ratification
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Federalists
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Anit-Federalists were
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opponents of ratification
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“The Federalist Papers” by Publius, who was Publis?
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John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, & James Madison
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________ wanted a bill of rights, and states rights
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Anti-federalists
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Anti-federalists feared
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concentrated power
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Federalists feared
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disorder, anarchy, power of masses
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Constitution would come into existence when __ of 13 states had ratified
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9
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____________ gave Congress the power to
-establish executive depts. -create lower federal courts -regulate interstate commerce -“Necessary and Proper” Clause |
constitution
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_________ of 1789 created 6 member Supreme court, 13 district courts, 3 courts of appeal
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Judiciary Act
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Supreme Court had final decision in constitutionality of _____ laws
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state
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Washington's Secretary of Treasury
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Hamilton
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Hamilton wanted strong central government to develop _____
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economy
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Who made govt responsible for existing debt and states debts, would create new large national debt?
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Hamilton
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Creation of the ___________ would fill absence of developed banking system, safe place for deposit of federal funds, collect taxes and pay expenses
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federal bank
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Washington’s Secretary of State
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Jefferson
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Why was Jefferson against the National Bank?
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too much power
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Who favored relations w/ France; supported ideas of French Revolution?
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Jefferson
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-use of national power to force obedience to law
-washington led force of 15,000 |
whiskey rebellion
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-1794 w/ GBr
-No war w/ GBr -Power over Northwest -Commercial Trade |
Jay’s Treaty
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-1795 w/ Spain
-Florida – 31ST Parallel -Natives -Miss. R. & NOrl access/use |
Pinckney’s Treaty
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T or F
The adoption of the Constitution completed the creation of the republic. |
false
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T or F
The most resourceful advocate of a centralized government was Alexander Hamilton. |
true
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T or F
The intellectual leader of the Constitutional Convention was James Madison. |
true
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T or F
The "Great Compromise" was important because it solved the problem of representation. |
true
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T or F
The Constitution did not resolve the question of which law--state or national--would be the supreme law of the land. |
false
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T or F
Abiding by the rules set up under the Articles of Confederation, the Constitution could not go into effect until it was ratified by all the states in the union. |
false
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T or F
The essays, known collectively as The Federalist Papers, called for the ratification of the Constitution. |
true
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T or F
The Constitution had little chance of success unless it was ratified by Virginia and New York. |
true
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T or F
Supporters of the Constitution had the advantage of being better organized than their opponents. |
true
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T or F
After the Constitution was ratified, Americans agreed that the government should strive to create a highly commercial, urban nation. |
false
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T or F
The Federalist vision for America included government by a wealthy, enlightened ruling class. |
true
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T or F
Virginia agreed to support Hamilton's assumption bill in return for locating the national capital in the South. |
true
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T or F
Most of the framers of the Constitution believed organized political parties were evil and should be avoided. |
true
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T or F
The "Republican Party" that opposed the Federalists is the same Republican Party that exists today. |
false
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T or F
The national government's response to the Whiskey Rebellion was to win allegiance through intimidation. |
true
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T or F
In 1796, Thomas Jefferson ran for vice-president on the Federalist ticket. |
false
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T or F
President Washington welcomed Citizen Genet to America in hopes of an alliance with France. |
false
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T or F
Aaron Burr's role in the election of 1800 was not very significant. |
false
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T or F
After the election of 1800, Federalists tried to hold on to power through the federal judiciary. |
true
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A form of government in which power is distributed to and shared by different political levels, as between states and the central government.
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federalism
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The powers that remain with the states after other powers were delegated to the national government by the Constitution.
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reserved powers
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He drafted the plan to replace the Articles of Confederation with a new federal system.
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James Madison
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This phrase in the Constitution gives Congress the power to pass laws that are "necessary and proper" for carrying out Congress's other specific powers.
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elastic clause
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This meeting was called by Alexander Hamilton and others to talk about the lowering of taxes and tariffs to increase trade between the states.
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Annapolis convention
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This plan called for the establishment of a national government with a bicameral legislature whose members would be proportional to population.
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virginia plan
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The authority of a court to be the first to hear a case and conduct a trial.
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original jurisdiction
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He thought up the idea of the Constitution's Executive Branch and the idea of the Electoral College electing the President.
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James Wilson
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The belief that the national government can exercise only those powers that are clearly and specifically stated by the U. S. Constitution.
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strict construction
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Supporters of the ratification of the Constitution and the shift of power from local and state governments to the central government.
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federalists
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The power of the U. S. government that derives from the so-called "elastic clause" of the U. S. Constitution.
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implied powers
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An order requiring that a detained or jailed person be brought before a court at a stated time and place to decide whether the person's detention is proper and lawful.
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habeas corpus
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This plan enlarged the powers of Congress to include the right to levy taxes and regulate commerce, and called for separate executive and judicial branches.
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New Jersey plan
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A broad interpretation of the U. S. Constitution expanding the implied powers of Congress.
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loose construction
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The power granted to the U. S. government that the Constitution mentions directly and explicitly.
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delegated powers
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Placed obstacles for foreigners becoming citizens
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alien act
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allowed the govt to prosecute treasonous activity
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sedition act
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Aaron Burr mobilized Rev War veterans, the _________, to serve as Republic political machine
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Tammany Society
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Matthew _____ and Roger _______ engaged in a physical fight in congress.
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Lyon, Griswold
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________ increased number of federal judgeships as a whole, signed by Adams, created by the __________ act of 1801
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"midnight appointments", judiciary
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