Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the 5 factors that life requires? |
Water, heat, pressure,food, oxygen (gas) |
|
What are the main characteristics of life? |
Movement Responsiveness Growth Reproduction Respiration |
|
What is the study of structure /morphology of the human body and its part? What is the Greek term for it? |
Anatomy “Cutting up” |
|
Define homeostasis. |
Maintenance of a stable internal environment |
|
What are the 3 parts of a homeostatic mechanism. Define their functions. |
Receptor: detects and provides info about the stimuli Control center: decision maker that maintains the set point Effector: muscle or gland that responds to the control center and causes necessary change |
|
Which portion contains the head, neck, and trunk? |
Axial |
|
Which portion contains the upper and lower limbs? |
Appendicular |
|
The muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities |
Diaphragm |
|
Region between lungs in thoracic cavity |
Mediastinum |
|
What does the abdominal cavity consists of |
Extends from diaphragm to top of pelvis, stomach, liver, spleen, kidneys, small intestines, most of large intestines |
|
What does the pelvic cavity consist of |
Enclosed by the pelvic bones, end of large intestines, urinary bladder, internal reproductive organs |
|
________ often forms isotopes |
Oxygen |
|
What are the pH blood ranges? |
Acidosis : 7.25-7.35 Alkalosis : 7.45-7.55 |
|
What is the basic unit of structure and function in the body? And give examples of the differentiated types. |
Cell Astrocytes, podocytes, chondrocytes |
|
What are the 3 major parts of the cell? |
Nucleus Cell membrane Cytoplasm |
|
Cytoplasm consists of organelles, with specific functions suspended in a liquid called____________ |
Cytosol |
|
Cell (plasma) membrane regulates entry and exit of substances meaning it is__________ _________ |
Selectively permeable |
|
Cell membrane framework is a __________ __________. Give the examples. |
Phospholipid bilayer Hydrophilic-water-soluble (heads form surfaces) Hydrophobic- water-insoluble(heads form interior) |
|
“Gel” of the cell, consists of membranes and organelles suspended in cytosol |
Cytoplasm |
|
Composed of protein and RNA, free in cytoplasm or on RER |
Ribosomes |
|
Membrane-bound sacs, canals, vesicles. Tubular transport system. |
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) RER-contains ribosomes, conducts protein synthesis SER-does not have ribosomes, conducts lipids synthesis |
|
Store or transport substances |
Vesicles |
|
Refines, packages, and delivers proteins made on the RER, “post-office” of the cell. Tell the vesicles where to go |
Golgi apparatus |
|
House chemical reactions that extract energy from nutrients, “powerhouse” of the cell |
Mitochondria |
|
Contains enzymes that digest proteins, carbohydrates, nucleus acids, bacteria, debris, worn out cells. “Garbage disposal” of the cell |
Lysosomes |
|
Contain enzymes that digest lipids, alcohol, hydrogen peroxide |
Peroxisomes |
|
“Central body”, made up of microtubules, pull apart DNA in mitosis |
Centrosome |
|
Only found in sperm cells |
Flagella |
|
Contains genetic material (DNA) and controls cell activities |
Nucleus |
|
Double layer membrane, holds DNA |
Nuclear envelope |
|
“Little nucleus”, production of ribosomes |
Nucleolus |
|
Consists of cell chromosomes, houses your gene |
Chromatin |
|
Movement does not require ATP. Give examples. |
Physical (passive) processes *diffusion *osmosis *facilitated diffusion *filtration |
|
Movement requires ATP. Give examples |
Physiological (active) processs *active transport *endocytosis *exocytosis *transcytosis |
|
Define osmosis |
Movement across water, higher water concentration to lower water concentration. Passive, no nATP required |
|
______ ________ same osmotic pressure, no net gain or loss of water (out=in) |
Isotonic solution |
|
______ _______ higher osmotic pressure (too much water in the cell) |
Hypertonic solution |
|
______ _______ lower osmotic pressure, lower water concentration inside the cell(out water higher) |
Hypotonic solution |
|
______ process that forces molecules through membranes by exerting pressure. No ATP required |
Filtration |
|
______-anything that takes up space and has matter. Matter is composed of elements. Give some examples |
Matter Solid, liquid, gas |