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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How does the period table arrange the elements? |
By atomic number. |
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Metals are to the _______ of the table. |
Left. |
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Non-metals are to the _______ of the table. |
Right. |
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Describe metals. |
Solid (except for Hg) Lustrous. Usually silver. Good conductors. Malleable. Ductile. Oxides form basic solutions. Loss valence electrons. |
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Describe non-metals. |
All states. Non-lustrous. All colours. Good insulators. Non-malleable. Non-ductile. Oxides form acidic solutions. Gain valence electrons. |
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What are formed from the three different types of bonding? |
Metal alloys, ionic compounds, and molecular compounds. |
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Describe how a metal alloy is made. |
Combine physically to make a homogeneous solution. |
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Describe how an ionic compound is made. |
Through the transfer of valence electrons to form an ionic bond. Metal --> Non-metal. |
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Describe how a molecular compound is made. |
Through the sharing of valence electrons to form a covalent bond. Non-metal <--> Non-metal. |
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What are the five different types of reactions? |
Synthesis, decomposition, combustion (complete or incomplete), single displacement, and double displacement. |
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Describe synthesis. |
When two or more substances react to produce one product. A + B -> AB |
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Describe decomposition. |
When a single compound breaks down into two or more elements. AB -> A + B |
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Describe complete combustion. |
When O2 combines with a hydrocarbon to form CO2, H2O, and energy. |
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Describe incomplete combustion. |
When there is insufficient oxygen to burn the fuel completely so other byproducts are produced. |
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Describe single displacement. |
When the atoms of one element replace the atoms of another in a compound. A+BC -> AC+B |
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Describe double displacement. |
A reaction evolving the exchange of ions between two compounds. AB+CD->AD+CB |
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What is the law of conservation of mass? |
In a chemical reaction, matter cannot be created nor destroyed. |
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Describe combustion. |
"Burning" Fast oxidation. Requires a fuel and oxygen. Produces carbon dioxide. Heat + energy released. |
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Describe corrosion. |
"Rusting" or "tarnishing" Slow oxidation. Requires metal, oxygen, and moisture. Produces a metal oxide. |
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List some properties of acids. |
Sour. Feels wet. Corrosive. Conducts electricity. Ionizes to form hydrogen ion. pH less than 7. Reacts with metals to form hydrogen gas. Named for their anions. |
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List some properties of bases. |
Bitter. Slippery feeling. Corrosive. Conducts electricity. Ionizes to form hydroxide ion. pH greater than 7 Reacts with fats to form soaps. Named for their cations. |
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What does pH stand for? |
Potential Hydrogen or Power of Hydrogen. |
