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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
In digestion, starches are broken down into XXXXXXX.
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Glucose
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In digestion, proteins are broken down into XXXXXX XXXX.
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Amino Acids
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In digestion, fats are broken down into XXXXXXXX and XXXXXXX XXXXX.
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Glycerol/Fatty Acids
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In digestion, Nucleic acids are broken down into XXXXXXXX?
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Nucleotides
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Describe the pathway of food in the digestive system.
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Mouth --> Pharynx --> Esophagas --> Stomach--> Pyloric Sphincter --> Duodenum --> Jejunum --> Illeum --> Colon --> Anus
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What is the term used to define an enzyme secreted by the salivary glands, and begins the breakdown of starch into maltose?
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Salivary Amylase
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Proteins are chemically broken down by an enzyme called XXXXXXX in the stomach.
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Pepsin
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The liver produces XXXXXXX which functions to emulsify fats.
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Bile
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What digestive organ produces trypsin and chymotrypsin?
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Pancreas
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What is the term used to define fingerlike projections of the intestines used to increase the total absorptive area?
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Villi/Microvilli
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The basic structural unit of the nervous system is a XXXXXXX.
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Neuron
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What are the three basic parts of a neuron?
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1. Cell Body
2. Axon 3. Dendrite |
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A dendrite XXXXXX stimuli, while an axon XXXXXX stimuli.
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Recieves/Sends
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What are the three general groups of neurons?
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1. Sensory Neurons
2. Motor Neurons 3. Association Neurons |
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What is the term used to define a neuron that recieves a stimulus?
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Sensory Neuron
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What is the term used to define a neuron that stimulates effectors, target cells that produce some kind of response?
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Effectors
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What is the term used to define a neuron that is located in the spinal cord or brain that recieves impulses from sensory neurons or sends impulses to motor neurons?
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Association Neurons
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What is the term used to define a state in the neuron in which there is a difference in the electrical charge between the outside and inside of the membrane?
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Polarized
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What ions contribute to the polarized potential of a neuron?
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Na+ and K+ ions
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What is the term used to define the unstimulated polarized state of a neuron?
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Resting Potential
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What is the term used to define when gated ion channels in the membrane suddenly open to allow Na+ to rush inside the cell in response to a stimulus?
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Action Potential
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What is the term used to define when more K+ has moved out of the cell than is actually necessary to establish original polarized potential?
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Hyperpolarization
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What is the term used to define a period in which a neuron will not respond to another stimulus?
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Refractory Period
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What is the term used to define Schwann cells that encircle the axon?
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Myeline Sheath
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What is the term used to define gaps of unsheathed axon?
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Nodes of Ranvier
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What is the term used to define the gap that seperates adjacent neurons?
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Synapse
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Acetylcholine is broken down by XXXXXXXXX.
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Acetylcholinesterase
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XXXXXXXX is commonly secreted at neuromuscular joints, were it acts to stimulate muscles to contract.
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Acetylcholine
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What are the two parts of the nervous system?
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1. Central Nervous System
2. Peripheral Nervous system |
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What is the term used to define a part of the nervous system that consists of the brain and spinal cord?
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Central Nervous System
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What is the term used to define a part of the nervous system consists of sensory neurons?
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Peripheral Nervous System
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What is the term used to define a part of the peripheral nervous system that directs contraction of skeletal muscles and is voluntary?
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Somatic Nervous System
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What is the term used to define a part of the nervous system controls the activities of involuntary muscles, and glands?
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Autonomic Nervous system
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What are the two parts of the peripheral nervous system?
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1. Autonomic Nervous System
2. Somatic Nervous System |
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What are the two parts of the autonomic nervous system?
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1. Sympathetic Nervous System
2. Parasympathetic Nervous System |
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What is the term used to define a part of the nervous system that stimulates the body to action such as fight or flight?
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Sympathetic Nervous System
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What is the term used to define a part of the nervous system that activates tranquil functions like rest and digest functions?
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Parasympathetic Nervous System
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What is the term used to define a rapid involuntary response to a stimulus?
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Reflex Arc
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