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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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riders
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amendments attached to unrelated bills (right before they are going to be passed) to get something passed that couldnt by itself
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lobbying
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groups that try to influence the vote of congress in their favor
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legislative branch
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making the bills
congress -house of representatives -senate |
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executive branch
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passing the laws
president and his cabinet |
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judicial branch
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enforcing the laws
supreme court |
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megalopolis
megacity |
over 10 million in population
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affluenza
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addiction to spending/ consuming more than ones need
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natural capital
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goods provided by nature
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human capital
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knowledge, experience
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manufactured capital
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technology , infrastructures
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point source
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identifying where the pollutant is coming from
--factories, power plants |
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non point source
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scattered area of pollutant, no direct source
---run off |
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internal costs
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projected costs of a project
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external costs
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costs that were not taken in account for in the internal costs
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brownfields
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vacant commercial and industrial sites
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tract devolpment
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deveoplers buy 'tract' land and build housing structures that are model homes or all the same
ilahee las vegas project |
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hydrologic cycle
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the process of evaporation and perception that cleans the water
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policy cycle
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problems are identified and are acted upon
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steps in policy cycle
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problem identification
develop proposals build support enact laws implement policy |
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urban sprawl factors
name 3 |
unlimited outward extension
low density population leapfrog development dependent on freeways and cars no planning/ control of land strip malls decaying city centers |
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closed system
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no energy or matter within its surroundings is exchanged
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open system
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intakes from surroundings and produce outputs that leave the system
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urban growth problems
name 3 |
air pollution
traffic wetland destruction lack of housing no efficient transit |
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livable communities
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MIXED ZONES
variety of transit |
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renewable energy sources (3)
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wind
water solar |
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acid rain
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nitric and sulfuric acid
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most common type of electricity
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coal combustion
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NEPA
national enviromental policy act |
-authorizes board for general enviromental conditions
-directs federal agencies to take enviromental consequenses into account in making desisions -requires enivromental impact statement for ever federal project with enviromental impact |
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CAA
clean air act |
regulates air emissions
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CWA
clean water act |
protects surface water
-making water 'swimable and fishable |
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the superfund act
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listing of hazardous sites
-making polluters pay for clean up CERCLA |
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biophilia
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natural love of live or living systems (open spaces of natural beauty)
---parks |
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EPA
environmental protection agency |
enforcing most environmental regulations
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cap and trade approach
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setting limits on emmissions and countries can purchase more credits from another country if it is going to go over the limits
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positive feedback loop
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starts as somethings and making the cycle grow and enhance
cold--shiver--still cold |
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negative feedback loop
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starts as something and reduces original stimulus
cold--shiver--put coat on--warm |
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carbon cycle
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intake of CO2--released during respiration
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nitrogen cycle
Most abundant gas in atmosphere (78%) |
plants intake---build protein molecules---eaten by consumer--digested--used to build their bodies
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soil horizions
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O-surface
A-topsoil E-sone of leaching B-subsoil C regolith R- bed rock |
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sheet and rill erosion
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thin layer taken off land surface
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gullying
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enlarged rills form big channels
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decertification
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cropable land turned into desert
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strip farming
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alternating different crops in strips
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contour plowing
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plowing across a hill rather than up and down
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terracing
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shaping the land to create level shelves of earth to hold water and soil
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greatest food security threat
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poverty
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top 3 crops we depend on
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rice
corn wheat |
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fossil fuels (petroleum, natural gas, and coal) supplies how much energy globally
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87%
oil is 37% nuclear power and hydro about 6%each |
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top oil reserves
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saudia arabia
canada iran iraq kuwait |
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top natural gas reserves
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middle east
russia europe south and central america north america |
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top coal reserves
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europe
asia north america africa/ middle east south and central america |
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produced by protroleum
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hydrocarbons:
iphone snowboards buff cards make up advil |
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acute vs chronic effects
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acute- single exposure short term
chronic- ongoing exposure -long term |
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greenhouse effect
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transmits sunlight while trapping heat inside
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greenhouse gasses
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H2O- water vapor
CO2- carbon dioxide CH4 -methane N2O -nitrous oxide |
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top 3 countries emitting greenhouse gasses
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usa
china russia |
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what can i do to reduce carbon emissions
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drive less, walk, public transit
plant trees, paint house light color insulate homes, seal all drafts do laundry in warm or cold water reusable products recycle |
