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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the OFMEM Roles and Responsibilities? |
- provide advice, guidance and expertise to assist municipalities in complying with the FPPA - provide guidelines to enhance and improve delivery of Fire Protection Services and promote fire safety best practices - conduct reviews and offer improvements to their service delivery of Fire Protection Services - monitor the delivery of the Fire Protection Services and are available to provide advice and assistance |
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Every municipality shall... |
Establish a program in the municipality which must include public education with respect to fire safety and certain components of fire safety (FPPA 1997 Part 2 1(a)) |
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What’s the minimum level of fire protection that a community must have? |
- a smoke alarm program - fire safety education material distributed to residents - inspections upon compliant when requested - simplified risk assessment (FPPA 1997 Part 2, 1(a)) |
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What’s the minimum acceptable model? |
- community risk assessment (new regulation 378/18) - smoke alarm program and home escape planning - fire safety education material - inspection upon complaint or when requested to meet fire code compliance |
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What’s the OFMEM’s public fire safety division do? |
Assist municipalities (FD) to meet their legislated requirements with respect to public fire safety education - providing programs, materials, training, Adobe and assistance in all materials relate to public fire safety education: 1. Best practices 2. Standard key messaging 3. Evidence-based |
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What are the OFMEM 3 lines of defence? |
1. Public Fire Safety Education 2. Fire Safety Standards and Enforcement 3. Emergency Response (Suppression) |
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What are the 3 lines of Public Education? |
1. Prevention 2. Detection 3. Escape |
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When and what is the “great fire”? |
Toronto fire of 1904 - change in Canada with respect to fire services and fire codes |
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When was the Great Chicago Fire? |
October 8, 1871 |
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When was the Boston, Cocoanut Grove Night Club fire? How many causalities? |
1942 - 492 |
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When was the Station Night Club - Rhode Island fire? How many casualties? |
2003 - 100 |
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When Ontario Building Code passed? |
1975 |
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When did the Ontario Fire Code come into effect? |
1981 |
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What is the regulation under the OFC is the... |
1997 Fire Protection and Prevention Act (FPPA) |
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When did smoke alarms come into effect? |
July 25, 1998 |
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When did the 2012 Ontario Building Code come into force? |
January 1, 2014 |
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What is the silent killer? |
Carbon monoxide |
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What are the 5 E’s of fire prevention? |
1. Education 2. Enforcement (legislation) 3. Engineering (technology) 4. Emergency response 5. Economic incentives |
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What are facts of human behaviour in fires? |
- people are poor estimates of their risk and abilities to cope with hazards - people move towards the familiar - a group leader can generally determine the outcome for everyone - panic behaviour is rarely exhibited in fires - most people have a concern for others, especially in fires - they usually interact with others around them and with the fire environment in a deliberate, purposeful manner |
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What’s a common myth relating to fires? |
People faced with a fire emergency will panic |
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What is panic? |
An irrational, illogical response and an aggressive concern for one’s own safety over others in the same situation |
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What factors affect decision-making in a fire? |
- experiences with fire - lack of knowledge - culture - type/layout of structure - individual’s physical condition - distractions |
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What variables influence decision making when encountering a fire? |
- persons personality - experience - cognitive abilities - information available about the situation - time left before situation becomes desperate - what else might be at stake |
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Common behaviours in fires... |
- notifying others, the house in on fire - searching for the fire - calling 911 from inside the home - getting dressed - getting the family together and preparing to leave - fighting the fire - retreating to another area of the structure - gathering personal property - going back inside to retrieve items!! |
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Occupant characteristics that determine behaviour in fires... |
- age - gender - alertness - familiarity with the building - role and responsibility - commitment - focal point |
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How many annual fire drills do schools hold? |
3 each semester - 6 in total |
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What is the leading cause of death for Canadians? |
Injury ages 1-44 - is the 4th leading cause for Canadians of all ages |
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Unintentional injuries are (blank). They are (blank) and (blank) |
1. Not accidents 2. Predictable 3. Preventable |
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Factors of unintentional injuries... |
They are causally related to specific events and multiple factors such as age, gender, risk perception, socio-economic status, risk-taking tendencies, injury mechanism and culture. |
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What are the causes of injury in Ontario |
- falls - motor vehicle collisions - sports & recreation - cycling/pedestrian - fires/burns - poisoning - drowning - playground equipment |
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What are economic motivation examples? |
Incentives Free workshops Opportunities |
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What are the types of burns? |
Thermal (hot liquids) Chemical (corrosives) Electrical (outlets and plugs) Radiation (sunburn, 123 degree burns) |
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How many seniors will have a fall? |
1-3 seniors |
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Effective strategies for injury prevention... |
Adoption of a culture of safety Involvement of the community Drawing up a combination of active solutions A focused leadership collaborating with other agencies Use of reward to coax desired actions |
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What is the 5 step planning process of community risk reduction? |
1. Identify the risks 2. Partnerships 3. Intervention strategy 4. Prepare the community risk reduction plan 5. Implement and evaluate the plan for the community |
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What are the 3 types of hazards of emergency disasters? |
Natural (floods, tornados) Technological (hazardous material incidents) Human (terrorism, cyber attacks) |
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What is fire? And the components of it? |
A chemical chain reaction that includes a self-sustaining rapid oxidation of a fuel accompanied by the release of heat and light (oxygen) Fuel, oxygen, heat, and chemical chain reaction |
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What are the four stages of fire? |
1. Incipient 2. Growth 3. Fully developed 4. Decay |
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What are the 3 forms of heat transfer? |
Conduction Convection Radiation |
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What are the classes of extinguishers? |
Class A - ordinary combustibles (green triangle) Class B - flammable liquids (red square) Class C - electrical equipment (blue circle) Class D - combustible metals (yellow star) Class K - combustible cooking (letter k) |
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What does P.A.S.S stand for? |
Pull Aim Squeeze Sweep |
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What are the 7 principles of life safety? |
Means of egress Construction Fire protection systems Fire detection systems Building services Interior finishes Compartmentation |
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What are the types of smoke alarms? |
Ionization Photoelectric Combination |
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Non-compliance of smoke alarms can result in a ticket for... |
$360 |
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Charges for smoke alarms can have fines up to... |
$50,000 for homeowners $100,000 for landlords |
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What is a ionization alarm? |
Uses tiny amount of radioactive material to make the air within the detector conduct electricity. The alarm is activated when smoke particles interfere with their ability to conduct electricity Responds best to fast, flaming fires |
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What is a photoelectric smoke alarm? |
Uses a small light source to shine light through the smoke alarms chamber. Smoke particles reflect the light onto a light sensitive device called a photocell. The alarm sounds when the voltage reaches a pre-set level More effective at detecting slow, smouldering fires |
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What is a combination smoke alarm? |
Uses both types of technology More expensive than single type Available also smoke/CO alarms |
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Smoke alarms should not be placed... |
In kitchens, directly outside bathrooms, near ceiling fans or in “dead spaces” |
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Role of civil servant |
Risk reduction requests Resourceful civil servants Helping the community Good public relations |
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Role of a public educator |
Public safety education is to raise the public awareness and knowledge to improve the level of safety in the comity To give the public the education and the information they require to make informative decisions if faced with a fire situation |
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What are some educational resources? |
- Ontario association of fire educators (OAFE) - Office of the fire marshal and emergency management (OFMEM) - Office of the fire marshal and emergency management (public fire safety council) - National fire protection association (NFPA) - Ontario association of fire chiefs (OAFC) - Ontario municipal fire prevention officers association (OMFPOA) |
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What does public education look like? |
School presentations Older adults Service clubs Work places Community groups Church groups Fundraisers Grand openings Picnics/events/celebrations |
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3 sections of education messaging |
1. Education - fire safety, age appropriate messaging 2. Information - trucks, tools, bunker gear, sparky 3. Fire service - FF, stations, type of calls, 911 |
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What is the purpose of record keeping ? |
Planning Accountability Staffing Budgeting |
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What are time management skills? |
Planning Organizing Delegating Prioritizing |
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Managing time is closely related to? |
Managing money |
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What are some external resources ? |
Hydro one TSSA ESA Kiddie health Canada |
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What are some community resources? |
Local organizations Food stores, food banks Youth groups Real estate companies Restaurants Youth associations |
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What are the 4 steps of instruction? |
Preparation: list objectives. Why it is important to the audience, topic, relevancy of the information, motivation part Presentation and Delivery: using which method(s). What/how will it be presented; how will you best transfer the information Application: apply what they have learned. Audience has opportunity to practice skill, worksheets, assignments, tasks Evaluation: we’re the objectives met? Shows whether the audience can perform the task or has learned the information |
