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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Dehydration predisposing factors |
Alcohol, medications, high bmi, inadequate diet, improper clothing, medical conditions, age, fatigue, lack of sleep, improper acclimatization |
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Water makes up ? Percent of the human body? |
45 to 70% |
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Signs and symptoms of dehydration are? |
Dark urine and less urination, thirst, fatigue, light headache, dizziness, dry skin, decrease turgor, confusion, dry mouth, increased heart rate and breathing |
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Treatment of dehydration |
Treat medical issues (vomiting/diarrhea), rehydrate orally for mild or iv for severe dehydration |
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Preventive measures to avoid dehydration |
Drink extra fluid before activity, take drink breaks and drink aprox 1 quart of fluid per hour, maintain a healthy diet, do not consume coffee or alcohol, EDUCATION IS THE KEY TO PREVENTION |
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Hyponatremia is? |
Overhydration and water in to the brain causing edema due to lack of low sodium concentration in the blood |
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Feet anatomy |
Composed of 3 sections, the forefoot (5 toes-phalanges and 5 longer bones-metatarsals); the midfoot (3 cuneiform bones, cuboid bone and navicular bone; the hindfoot (heel and ankle). |
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The largets bone in the foot is the? |
Calcaneous (heel bone) |
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To treat a large blister? |
Apply moleskin to skin around blister and use tincture of benzoin as adhesive, drain close to the edge |
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Tinea pedis is also called? |
Athletes foot |
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After clearing of tinea pedis, continue treatment for? |
7 days |
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Prolonged walking on a downward slope can cause? |
Calluses and corns |
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Plantar fasciitis is also known as? |
Heel spurs or heel bursitis. |
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Plantar warts are caused by the? |
Human papiloma virus (HPV) |
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The snake crotalinae subfamily can be distinguished by the presence of a? |
Heat sensing pit organ |
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The cobra belongs to the _____subfamily? |
Elapinae subfamily |
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The best way to prevent a snake bite is to? |
Leave the snake alone |
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A spider with a red hourglass on her abdomen is a? |
Black widow |
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A spider with a dark brown violin in her abdomen is a? |
Brown recluse |
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The most valuable drug for emergency treatment of allergic reaction (anaphylactic shock) is? |
Epinephrine injection (epipen) |
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Epipen delivers a single dosis of? |
0.3 mg epinephrine IM, repeat after 5 min if no improvement. |
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The normal body temperature range is: |
97.6 to 99.6 |
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Predisposing factors associated with heat injury include? |
Age, bmi, medical conditions, previous history of heat injury and skin trauma |
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Types of heat injuries are? |
-Heat cramps (short term painful muscle contraction) -heat exhaustion (THE MOST COMMON HEAT RELATED DISORDER) caused by excessive strain without appropriate water intake Heat stroke (LIFE THREATENING, A TRUE MEDICAL EMERGENCY) |
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Heat stroke victims will present a core temperature of? |
104' F or greater |
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Proper acclimatization of personnel to hot environments should take? |
2 to 4 weeks (3 weeks optimal) |
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The flag warning system includes how many flags? What are their temperature ranges and level of exercise allowed? |
-White flag (78' to 81.9) gtog -green flag (82' to 84.9) gtog w/ caution -yellow flag (85' to 87.9) outdoor classes to be avoided -red flag (88' to 89.9) physical activity to be cancelled for non-acclimatized, for acclimated troops limited activities not more than 6 hrs. Black flag (90' and above) all nonessential activities canceled for ALL troops) |
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Hypothermia happens when the core temperature of the body falls below? |
95' degrees |
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Mild hypothermia is considered when the core temperature stays between? |
89' to 95' degrees (pt will shiver as a natural response) |
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Moderate hypothermia is considered when the core temperature stays between? |
82' to 89' degrees (pt will stop shivering and will not complain about being cold) |
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Severy hypothermia is considered when the core temperature falls below? |
82' degrees or below (pt unconscious, vital signs barely palpable) |
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To treat a pt with hypothermia, rewarm on a bath with warm water between what temperature range? |
100' to 108' degrees |
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Dark skinned individuals are more susceptible to cold injuries. True or false? |
True |
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What part of the brain controls the body's core temperature (thermoregulation) |
Hypothalamus |
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Normal human core temperature stays between? |
97.6' to 99.6' |
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What kind of water source is best in case of a NBC attack? |
Groundwater |
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A waterbull has what capacity? |
400 gallons |
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How many tables of iodine should be used to purify 1 quart of water (1 canteen). How long should the contact time be? |
2 tablets, 30 minutes contact time |
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How many drops of bleach to purify 1 quart of water (1 canteen)? How many drops of iodine to purify 1 quart of water (1 canteen)? |
2 drops of bleach, 5 of iodine |
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All bulk water must be tested at what frequency for FAC? At what frequency for bacteriological testing? |
Daily for FAC, weekly for bacteria |
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What is the permitted concentration of clorine in stored bulk water? |
2 to 5 ppm |
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Latrines should be placed at least how many feet from water sources? At least how many feet from food operations? |
100 feet from WS 100 yards (300 feet) from FO |
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Latrines should be placed at least how many feet from berthing areas? |
50 feet |
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A cathole is used by troops on the move and it should be covered after use. The dimentions of a cathole are? |
12" by 12" |
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4 straddle trenches will accommodate a maximum of how many troops? |
100 |
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What is the most common latrine used in the field? How many seats of said latrine are required for 100 troops? |
Burn barrel latrine, 8 seats |
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In an urine soakage pit, 1 pipe can accommodate how many troops? What are the dimensions? |
20, 4"x4"x4" |
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A chemical toilet can accommodate up to what number of troops? |
15 |
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A garbage pit should be at least______ from mess areas and from water sources? |
100 feet, 100 feet |
