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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Define the term 'gene'. |
A gene is a sequence of DNA nucleotides that codes for a polypeptide. |
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What two factors can be different when looking at different proteins? |
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What determines the order of amino acids in a particular protein? |
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How many bases make up an amino acid? What is another name for this structure? |
A sequence of three bases (called a triplet) in a gene. |
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Give an overview of protein synthesis. |
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Name the three main types of RNA. |
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Where is the messenger RNA created? Give details on the bases it carries. What is its job? |
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Where is transfer RNA found? Describe it's structure. What is its job? |
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What is ribosomal RNA's affect on a ribosome (in terms of structure)? What is its job? |
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What are codons and anticodons sometimes referred as? |
Triplets. |
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What is the 'genetic code'? |
It is the sequence of base triplets (codons) in DNA or mRNA, which codes for specific amino acids. |
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Give an overview of how genetic code is read. |
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Genetic code is degenerate - define the term 'degenerate' (in terms of biology). What does this lead to? |
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Some triplets can be used to signal the start and end of protein production, what are these triplets called? Give an example of one of these triplets. |
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The genetic code is universal - what does this mean? |
The same specific base triplets code for the same amino acids in all different things (e.g. UAU codes for tyrosine in all organisms). |