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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the basic definition of a sexually transmitted disease?
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An infection that is usually by sexual contact (and not other common methods of infection)
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True or false: It is rare to be infected with more than one STD at a time.
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false
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Why does having HIV/AIDS make a person more susceptible to other STDs?
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immunodeficiency
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What five places might be the initial site of an STD infection?
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urethra, vagina, cervix, rectum and oral pharynx
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Treponema pallidum is the organism responsible for what STD?
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syphilis
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What is the clinical feature of the primary state of syphilis?
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a chancre
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How long after the initial chancre do symptoms of secondary stage syphilis occur?
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2-10 weeks
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Where do the inflammatory lesions associated with tertiary stage syphilis occur?
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the aorta, central nervous system, "gummas" in skin and bone
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When in a pregnancy does congenital syphilis occur?
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5th month onward
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True or false: Congenital syphilis rarely causes still births.
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false
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True or false: A patient with syphilis will likely test positive for the organisms antigens for the rest of their life, even if they no longer have an infection.
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true
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What is the purpose of non-treponemal serology tests?
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to monitor disease activity to ensure adequate treatment
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Can you culture Treponema pallidum?
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no
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What drug is used to treat syphilis?
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penicillin
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What organism is responsible for gonorrhea? What type of organism is it?
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Neisseria gonorrhoeae, gram negative diplococcus
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What are the clinical features of gonorrhea?
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urethritis, epidiymitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, pharyngitis, proctitis, co-infection with other STDs
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Gonorrhea passed from mom to baby can cause what things in the baby?
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blindness, joint infection, and sepsis
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What fast, cheap test is done to diagnose gonorrhea?
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a gram stain of the discharge
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What type of medication is used to treat gonorrhea?
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antibiotics
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Chlamydia trachomatis is associated with what STD?
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chlamydia (durrr)
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What is the most common test used to diagnose chlamydia?
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DNA probe from genital swab sample
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True or false: Chlamydia is often asymptomatic.
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true
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The organism Haemophilus ducreyi causes which STD?
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a chancroid
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Chancroids are most common in what part of the world? What other disease are they associated with?
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Africa and Southeast Asia, HIV
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What does HPV stand for?
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human papilloma virus
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"Low risk" HPV strains are most likely to cause what?
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genital warts
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"High risk" HPV strains are most likely to cause what?
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cervical dysplasia and carcinoma
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True or false: There are two types of herpes simplex virus that infect different parts of the body.
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true
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What is the main symptom of herpes?
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vesicular (blistering), painful lesions
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True or false: subsequent herpes outbreaks are usually more severe than the initial infection.
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false
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Where does HSV remain latent?
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the nerve cells
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What is recommended for a pregnant woman with herpes?
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casarean section
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What is the cure for herpes?
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trick question, there is no cure
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What can help prevent herpes outbreaks?
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antiviral agents
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How does HIV replicate? Due to this, what is HIV classified as?
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reverse transcription of its RNA to DNA, retrovirus
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What type of cell does HIV infect?
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CD4 cells
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In what three ways can HIV be passed from mother to child?
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transplacental, during passage through the birth canal, via breast milk
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What is the first stage in the clinic course of an HIV infection?
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acute retroviral syndrome
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How long does the chronic asymptomatic phase of an HIV infection last?
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7-10 years
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Levels of what steadily decline during the chronic asymptomatic phase?
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CD4+ T-cells
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What is the final stage of an HIV infection?
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Acquired Immunodeficiency Disease (AIDS)
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What are the symptoms commonly associated with AIDS?
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fever, fatigue, weight loss, diarrhea, generalized lymphadenopathy
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What opportunistic infections are associated with AIDS?
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Cryptosporidium enteritis, Pneumocystis pneumonia, Cryptococcus, Mycobacteria (TB), Cytomegalovirus
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What neoplasms are common in AIDS patients?
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Kaposi sarcoma, lymphoma, cervical cancer (women), anal cancer (men)
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True or false: Tests for HIV antibodies can be done immediately after infection.
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false
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What is the treatment for HIV?
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Highly Active AntiRetroviral Therapy (HAART)
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What protozoan can cause an STD?
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Trichomonas vaginalis
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What are the clinical features of trichomoniasis?
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itching, vaginal/penile discharge, urinary frequency/dysuria, and painful intercourse
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