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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Venus
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Carbon dioxide in this planet's atmosphere has caused a strong greenhouse effect producing very high surface temperatures.
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Jupiter
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This is the largest planet in our solar system and has the most moons.
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Pluto
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A Dwarf planet that was once considered the 9th planet
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Heliocentric
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A model of the solar system in which the Sun is at the center
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Geocentric
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A model of the solar system in which the Earth is at the center
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Europa
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A moon considered to be the most promising location in our solar system to look for extraterrestrial life
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Rotation
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The movement of a planet on around an axis.
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Revolution
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The movement of a planet or moon along an orbit around another object (i.e. earth around the sun or moon around the earth)
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Summer solstice
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The point at which the sun reaches its greatest distance north of the equator. In the northern hemisphere its called...
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Winter solstice
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The point at which the sun reaches the greatest distance south of the equator. In the northern hemisphere its called the
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Crater
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depressions on the moon's surface, sometimes filled with lava called maria.
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solar eclipse
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when the moon moves directly between the Sun and the Earth and creates a shadow on the Earth.
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Lunar eclipse
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When the Earth moves directly between the Sun and the Earth creates a shadow on the moon.
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Tide
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the rise and fall of sea level produced by the gravitational pull of the Sun and the Moon
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Work
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the energy transferred when a force makes an object move.
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Power
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A measure of the amount of work or energy transferred in a certain amount of time.
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Efficiency
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Ratio of output work done by the machine o input work done on the machine. Expressed as a percent.
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Friction
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a force that opposes the sliding motion between objects in contact (results in output work being less than input work).
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Mechanical advantage
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the number of times a machine multiplies the force applied to it. Ratio of output force exerted by machine to the input force applied to the machine.
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Energy
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the ability to do work
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Potential Energy
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stored energy.
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Kinetic energy
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energy of motion. 1/2 mass times velocity squared.
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mechanical energy
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the total amount of kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy added together.
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Law of Conservation of Energy
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Law states that energy can never be created or destroyed.
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Gravity
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the attractive force between any two objects (depends on mass and distance)
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Inertia
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the tendency of an object to resist a change in its motion
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Second law of Motion
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F= ma The law states that a net force causes an object to accelerate in the direction of the net force.
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Newton's 3rd law
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Law states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
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momentum
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property of a moving object that equals its mass times its velocity. When two objects collide, it is conserved.
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Earth
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3rd planet from the sun. Only known plant to support life and have water on its surface as a gas, liquid and solid.
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equinox
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When the sun is directly above the Earth's equator and the number of daylight hours equals the number of night time hours. Occurs twice yearly (spring and fall)
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Maria
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relatively flat, dark-colored regions on the Moon's surface.
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mars
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Fourth planet from the Sun; called the red planet because of high concentrations of iron oxide.
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Mercury
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closest planet to the sun; has a larger than expected iron core and minimal atmosphere.
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Neptune
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8th planet from the sun; appears blue because of the atmospheric methane.
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Saturn
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second-largest and sixth planet from the sun; has the most complex system of rings.
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seasons
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changes in weather, ecology and hours of daylight caused by Earth's rotation and revolution and the tilt of its axis.
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Uranus
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seventh planet from the Sun; appears blue/green from atmospheric methane; its axis of rotation is tilted on its side.
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