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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Alfred T. Mahan
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-Ablest & most effective apostle of impearialism
-Thesis presented in The Influence of Sea Power upon History -Believed Countries with sea power were the greatest nations -Effective sea power required new colonies -Believed US needed to aquire bases in Carribean and Pacific and annex Hawaii -Feared US didn't have a large enough army, but they made one that was the 3rd largest in the world |
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Muckrakers furthered the causes of the Progressive Movement by...
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Alerting the public to the social ills and corporate corruption targeted by Progressives
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Prior to the administration of Theodore Roosevelt, the Sherman Antitrust Act had been used primarily to...
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Suppress Trade Unions
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Following the Spanish-American War and the acquisition of territory overseas, in a series of cases known as the Insular Cases, the US Supreme Court ruled that...
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Colonial subjects within the American empire were not entitled to the rights guaranteed by the US constitution
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Summarize the Zimmerman telegram which was intercepted in 1917.
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Germany offered Mexico a chance to regain the land it had lost in the Mexican Cession if Mexico attacked the US and helped prevent the US from assisting the Allies.
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Wilson's Fourteen Points plan for peave after WWI included...
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-Promotion of universal self-determination
-lower tariffs to promote free trade -Across the board arms reductions -creation of international peacekeeping organization |
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Venezuelan Dispute
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Cleveland Administration supported venezuela when it was arguing with GB about the boundary between Venezuela and British Guiana. GB ignored American demads that the matter be submitted to arbitrary the CA threatened them with war and GB realized what they were risking and agreed with the CA.
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Hawaii Annexation
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American's took over Hawaii with their sugar plantations and tarrifs, they tried to fight back with Queen Lil but it didn't work and they knew the only way to get away from the US tarrifs was to become part of the US.
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U.S.S Maine
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Exploded in the Havana Harbor which gave Mckinley reason to delcare war on the Spanish (even though the Spanish didn't even blow up the ship). This war caused the Spanish to be pushed out of cuba but also made them give us the Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico and made the Spanish grant Cuba its independence with the 3rd Treaty of Paris
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Spanish-American War
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-"Splendid Little War"
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Foraker Act
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-Ended American Military rule
-Established formal colonial government |
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Japan was outraged by the American annexation of Hawaii in 1898 primarily because...
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Nearly half of Hawaii's residents were of Japenese descent
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The Philippine War
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-Least Remembered
-One of the Longest -One of the most vicious -When Filipinos heard the Americans were here to stay they rebelled like they did with the Spanish -Americans found themselves drawn into patterns of brutality -Led by Emilio Aguinaldo -Finally surrendered to the US -They gained self rule and finally their own independence |
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Federal Reserve Act
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-Twelve regional banks each to be owned and controlled by the indiidual banks of its district
-Hold a certain percentage of the assests in reserve -Issue a new type of paper currency -Be able to shift funds quickly to troubled areas -Federal Reserve Board would supervise and regulate the entire system whose members were appointed by the President |
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The Platt Amendment
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-Barred Cuba from making treaties with other nations
-Gave US right to intervene in Cuba to preserve life, independence, liberty and property -Required Cuba to permit American naval bases on its territory |
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Open Door Policy & Boxer Rebellion
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Chinese group rose against European imperialism and besieged the Bejing legation quarter. The Us sent troops to stop them, in return they got support for their open door policy in Asia.
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Progressivism
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Idea of progress, believed that society was capable of improvement and that continued growth and advancement were in the nation's destiny. Also that growth and progress could not continue to occur recklessly. Northern and Middle Class helped them not become like the populists
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Muckrakers
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Journalists who wrote exposes of corporate greed and misconduct
-Licoln Steffan (Shame of the Cities) -Upton Sinclair (The Jungle) -Ida Tarbell (History of Standard Oil) |
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Settlement Houses
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-Staffed by members of the educated middle class
-Sought to help immigrant families adapt to the language and customs of their new country -An "appropriate" environment for unmarried women and immigrants -Helped spawn profession of social work |
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Hull House
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Most famous settlement house
-Opened in 1889 in Chicago -Jane Addams |
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NAWSA
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-National American Woman Suffrage Association
-Lead by Carrie Catt and Anna Shaw -Gained strength because many of its leaders began to justify suffrage in a safer less threatening way. |
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19th Amendment
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Granted women the right to vote in 1920
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City-Manager Plan
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-Approach to municipal reform
-Elected officials hired an outside expert to take charge of government |
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Initiative
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Allowed reformers to submit new legislation directly to the voters in general elections, allowed refomers to get around the state legislatures
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Referendum
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Actions of legislature could be returned to the electorate for approval
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Triangle Shirtwaist Company Fire
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-146 workers (mostly women) died being trapped inside
-Management locked emergency exits to prevent workers from trying to get out of work -Caused strict regulations to be put on factory owners and established effective mechanisms for enforcement |
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NAACP
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-National Associations for the Advancement of Colored People
-Led the drive for equal rights of African Americans |
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WCTU
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-Frances Willard
-Single Largest women's organization In American history to that point -18th Amendment : Prohibition |
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18th Amendment
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Prohibition (1920)
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IWW ("Wobblies")
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-Advocated a single union for all workers and was one of the few labor organizations to champion the cause of unskilled workers. Widely believed to have dynamited railroad lines and power stations to get attention.
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The Square Deal
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-Hepburn Act restored some regulatory authority to the government by giving the ICC power to oversee railroad rates
-Pure Food and Drug Act |
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Schenck v. United States
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Schenck sent out leaflets urging men to resist the draft which was a violation of the Espionage Act so he was arrested and convicted
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Panic of 1907
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-Conservatives blamed Roosevelt's "mad" economic policies for the disaster
-J.P Morgan to help and the panic soon subsided -Because of the panic Roosevelt did not run again |
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Payne-Aldrich Tariff
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Barely reduced tarrifs
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Pinchot-Ballinger Controversy
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Louis Glavis accused Ballinger of turning over valuable public coal lands to a private syndicate for profit, he took the evidence to Pinchot who didn't like Ballinger and Pinchot took it to the President. He didn't believe him so Pinchot leaked it to the press and then was discharged for insubordination. However congress exonerated Ballinger and Progressives supported Pinchot and Taft lost supporters of Roosevelt completely
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Election of 1912
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-Wilson presented a progressive program that came to be called the "New Freedom"
-Wilson won |
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Open Door Policy
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Support independence of China and recognize eachothers controls over east asia
-prevented total dissection of china -created spheres of influence (but they arent yours) -allow for us trade |
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Boxer Rebellion
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China is thankful of the us for stopping it but we really arent nice, other nations make china pay indemnities
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Income Tax
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-Wilson lowers protective tarrif
-Congress adopts income tax to make up for lost revenue |
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Federal Trade Commision Act
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-Created a regulatory agency that would help businesses determine in advance whether their actions would be acceptable to the government.
-Also have authority to launch prosecutions against "unfair trade practices" and have the power to investigate corporate behavior |
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Keating-Owen Act
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-Prohibited the shipment of goods produced by underage children across state lines
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Roosevelt Corollary
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-The US had the right to oppose European intervention in the Western Hemisphere and also to intervene in the domestic affairs of its neighbors if those neighbors proved unable to maintain order and national sovereignty on their own
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Panama Canal
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Linked the atlantic and the pacific by vreating a channel through central america.
-Colombia didn't like what John Hay said and they refused to ratify the treaty -Revolution happened in Panama with the help of Roosevelt and as soon as Panama won Roosevelt recognized them as independent and the construction of the canal began |
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Dollar Diplomacy
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Instead of having a larger vision of world stability Taft extended American investments into less-developed regions. (Seen in Nicaragua)
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Veracruz Incident
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When Wilson took the Mexican port of Veracruz which caused Huerta to flee because he was scared of war with America.
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Triple Entente (Allies)
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-GB, France, and Russia
-Italians support -Most US support -French support |
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Triple Alliance (Central Powers)
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-Germany, Austro-Hungarian Empire
-Irish supported because they hate GB |
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Lusitiania
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-128 Americans were on board when Germany sank it
-Wilson demanded that Germany agreed not to sink another ship unless they warned the passengers first and Germany had to agree becasuse they couldn't risk starting another war when they were already fighting so many people |
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Sussex Pledge
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Germany had to warn the passengers before sinking a ship or else America would fight them
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Russian Revolution
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Stopped Russia and Germany from fighting which gave Germany the oportunity to only fight on the western front so they were allowed to risk fighting with the Americans also
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Trench Warfare
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-The result of enormous destructive power of machine guns and higher-powered artillery and it was no longer feasible to send troops into an open field
-Trenches sheltered troops and some were even comfortable for soldiers to stay in for a long amount of time |
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Liberty Bonds
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-Created to raise money to pay for the war
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War Industries Board
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-Created to coordinate government purchases of military supplies
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Espionage Act
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-Cannot Aid the enemy
-Bans "treasonable literature" -Couldn't put anything in newspapers or brochures that said anything bad about the war or the government |
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Sedition Act
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Can't say anything bad about the war, government, consitution, or war bonds or you would be fined or imprisoned
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Wilson's Fourteen Points
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-3 broad categories
Adjusting postwar boundaries and establishing new nations to replace the austro-hungarian and ottoman empires. -fiver general principles would govern international conduct n the future: freedome of the seas, free trade, open covenants instead of secret treaties, reductions in armaments, and impartial mediation of colonial claims. -last a proposal for a league of nations that would help inplement these new principles and resolve future controversies |
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League of Nations
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-Wasnt Ratified
-Kind of like the UN |
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Great Migration
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Nearly half a million blacks migrated to the north during the war to find jobs in the industrial cities
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Red Scare
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Terrorism started happening with radicalists and people became scared of communism. 30 states enacted peacetime sedition laws imposing harsh penalties on promoters of revolution.
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Sacco and Vanzetti
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Confessed anarchists who were charged with the murder of a paymaster which they didn't commit gained the support of the public and always proclaimed their innocence, even though the case against them wasn't strong they died in they were sentenced to death and died in the electric chair
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National Origins Act
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Banned immigration from East Asia entirely and reduced the quota for Europeans from 3 to 2%.
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Volstead Act
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National Prohibition Act-18th Amendment
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WEB DuBois
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The Souls of Black Folk
-Believed Blacks should accept nothing less than a full university educationand they should aspire for professions and fight for their civil rights |
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Booker T. Washington
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Chief spokesman for the commitment to education of blacks
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Atlanta Compromise Speech
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Blacks should forgo agitation for polititcal rights and concentrate on self-improvement and preparation for equality
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