Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Totalitarianism |
A concept used by some political scientists in which the state holds total authority over the society and seeks to control all aspects of public and private life wherever possible. |
|
|
Joseph Stalin |
*Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party *created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition. *was a ruthless dictator and his efforts to transform the Soviet Union into an industrial power and form state-run collective farms resulted in many deaths *A combination of fear and massive propaganda kept him in power. |
|
|
Benito Mussolini |
*Italian Fascist dictator and prime minister *He conducted an expansionist foreign policy *formalized an alliance with Germany *brought Italy into World War II *After being dismissed, he led a puppet Nazi government in northern Italy until 1945, when he was assassinated. |
|
|
Adolf Hitler |
*Austrian-born leader of the German Nazi Party *Was the chancellor of the Third Reich * His fascist philosophy attracted widespread support *His pursuit of aggressive nationalist policies resulted in the invasion of Poland and the outbreak of World War II * infamous for the extermination of millions of people, especially European Jews *committed suicide when the collapse of the Third Reich was imminent |
|
|
Spanish Civil War |
*1936-1939 *Insurgent nationalists, led by General Franco, succeeded in overthrowing the republican government *During the war Spain became an ideological battleground for fascists and socialists from all countries |
|
|
Appeasement |
giving into the demands of a leader in order to satisfy their short term goals and avoid conflict. |
|
|
Blitzkrieg |
*German for 'lightning war. *a tactic that was based on speed and surprise. *In order for it to work, a military was constructed around tank units, air support, and soldiers. |
|
|
Axis Powers |
*a group of countries that opposed the Allied powers in World War II *included Germany, Italy, and Japan as well as Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, and Yugoslavia |
|
|
Allied Powers |
*The nations, primarily Great Britain, France, the Soviet Union, and the United States *They allied against the Axis during World War II. |
|
|
Winston Churchill – An English political leader and author of the twentieth century; he became prime minister shortly after World War II began and served through the end of the war in Europe. Churchill symbolized the fierce determination of the British to resist conquest by the Germans under Adolf Hitler. He forged a close alliance with Franklin D. Roosevelt of the United States and Joseph Stalin of the Soviet Union in opposition to Germany. Stunningly defeated in elections in 1945, he returned to office as prime minister for several years in the 1950s. |
*English political leader and author *Prime minister shortly after WWII Start and served through the end of the war *Resisted conquest by the Germans under Hitler *forged a close alliance with Franklin D. Roosevelt and Joseph Stalin against Germany. *defeated in elections in 1945, he returned to office as prime minister for several years in the 1950s. |
|
|
Lend Lease Act |
*the material and services supplied by the U.S. to its allies during World War II *passed in 1941 |
|
|
FDR's Four Freedom Speech |
1. Speech and Expression 2.Freedom of religion 3.Freedom from want 4. freedom from fear *FDR stressed danger that aggressive fascist powers presented to the US. *Lend-lease act passed after b/c of this |
|
|
Hideki Tojo – |
*Japanese army officer and prime minister of Japan *ruled as a dictator during World War II *Was executed as a war criminal. |
|
|
Pearl Harbor Attack |
* a surprise military strike by the Imperial Japanese Navy against the US naval base at Pearl Harbor, in Hawaii *on the morning of December 7, 1941. |
|
|
Douglas MacArthur – |
*US general *served as chief of staff and commanded Allied forces in the South Pacific during World War II *he accepted the surrender of Japan. |
|
|
Bataan Death March |
*U.S. surrender of the Bataan Peninsula on the main Philippine island of Luzon to the Japanese *Filipino and American troops on Bataan were forced to make a 65-mile march to prison camps. |
|
|
Battle of Coral Sea |
*a Japanese defeat *first naval battle fought entirely by planes based on aircraft carriers |
|
|
Dwight D Eisenhower |
*Led Dday( the largest allied offensive in WWII). *Was a military leader. |
|
|
George S Patton Jr |
*was an innovative tank general. * was in charge of North Africa and was the fake general for DDay. |
|
|
Tuskegee Airmen |
*African American fighter squadrian from Alabama *B/c African American, which was unheard of, they got special recognition. * When they got home, they were not treated with respect. |
|
|
Chester Nimitz |
*was a fleet admiral of the United States Navy. *Commander in Chief of the United States Pacific Fleet, for U.S. naval forces. *He was figuring out the Japanese plans. |
|
|
Battle of Midway |
*A naval and air battle *planes from American aircraft carriers blunted the Japanese naval threat in the Pacific Ocean *after Pearl Harbor. |
|
|
“Rosie the Riveter" |
*The new working woman *cultural icon of the US *represented the American women who worked in factories and shipyards during World War II *many of them produced munitions and war supplies. |
|
|
D-Day
|
*June 6, 1944 *Allied forces invaded northern France by means of beach landings in Normandy. |
|
|
Battle of the Bulge |
*a major German offensive campaign *launched through the densely forested Ardennes region of Wallonia in Belgium, France, and Luxembourg on the Western Front toward the end of World War II in Europe. |
|
|
Harry S Truman – |
*was FDR's vice president for a bit *Became president when FDR died *dropped the atomic bomb on Japan, ending World War II. |
|
|
Island Hopping – |
the military strategy, used by the Allies in World War II, of concentrating on Japanese islands which were not well defended |
|
|
Kamikaze Pilots – |
1 : a member of a Japanese air attack corps in World War II assigned to make a suicidal crash on a target (as a ship) 2 : an airplane containing explosives to be flown in a suicide crash on a target. |
|
|
Albert Einstein – |
Helped create the atomic bomb but after the War he spoke publicly against nuclear weapons. |
|
|
Manhattan Project |
*a research and development project that produced the first nuclear weapons during World War II. *was led by the United States with the support of the United Kingdom and Canada. |
|
|
J. Robert Oppenheimer |
the scientist in charge of the US Manhattan Project (built the first atom bomb) |
|
|
Hiroshima and Nagasaki |
Hiroshima was almost completely destroyed by the first atomic bomb ever dropped on a populated area. Followed by the bombing of Nagasaki, on August 9, this show of Allied strength hastened the surrender of Japan in World War II. |
|
|
Holocaust – |
*The mass murder of Jews under the German Nazi regime during the period 1941–45 |
|
|
Nuremberg Laws – |
*two laws which excluded the Jews from German life, as well as took away some of their natural rights. *First declared at the annual Nazi rally held in Nuremberg in 1935. |
|
|
Yalta Conference |
*held in Yalta in February 1945 *Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill planned the final stages of World War II and agreed to the territorial division of Europe |
|
|
Geneva Conference – |
* took place in Geneva, Switzerland, * purpose-to attempt to find a way to settle outstanding issues in the Korean peninsula and discuss the possibility of restoring peace in Indochina |
|
|
Nuremberg Trials |
*a series of trials held between 1945 and 1949 * Allies prosecuted German military leaders, political officials, industrialists, and financiers for crimes they had committed during World War II. |
