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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are genes, and how do behavior geneticists explain our individual differences?
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1. Chromosomes contain genes that can be activated
2. the genes encode for proteins 3. genes acting together influence traits 4. behavioral genetisists was to figure out how much of a trait is nature and how much nurture (interaction?) |
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What is heritability, and how does it relate to individuals and groups?
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1. Describes the extent of various traits can be attributed to genes
2. does not explain generational differences |
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What is the promise of molecular genetics research?
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1. Study the molecular function and structure of genes
2. to i.d. certain genes |
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How do evolutionary psychologists use natural selection to explain behavior tendencies?
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1. Mutations and gene combos causing differences in genotype are more likely to survive if they promote reproduction and survival
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How might an evolutionary psychologist explain gender differences in mating preferences?
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1. M like casual sex, think about sex more, and misinterpret friendliness for sexual interest more readily (increases chance of spreading genes widely)
2. F cite affection for reason for intercourse and have more relational view of sex (increase chance of baby survival) |
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What are the key criticisms of evolutionary psycology?
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1. start with effect and work backward
2.absolves people from taking responsibility of sexual behavior (Understanding our predispositions can help us overcome them! plus many are testable predictions!) |
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To what extent are our lives shaped by early stimulation by parents and by peers?
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1. maturation, brain increases neural connections in areas with stimulated activity
2. Parents influence manners, political and religious beliefs 3. Peers help kids develop language and behaviors to fit in. |
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How do cultural norms affect our behavior?
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1. Rules for accepted and expected behaviors, ideas, attitudes, and values
2. We share many common forces that influence behavior |
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How do individualist and collectivist cultural influences affect?
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1. individual- personal indep and achievment... i.d. in terms of self esteem, personal goals and attributes, personal rights and liberties.
2. Cultures based on collectivism value interdependance, tradition, harmony and define i.d. in terms of group goals and commitment to belonging to one's group. |
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What are some way in which males and females tend to be alike and to differ?
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1. We are more alike that different: see, hear, learn, remember
2. differ in body fat, muscle, height, age onset of puberty, life expectancy, disorder vulnerability, agression, social power, and social connectedness |
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How do natue and nurture together form our gender?
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1. Biological sex is determines by the 23 pair of chromosomes (XX and XY)
2. The chromosome determines the release of testosterone and male sex organs 3. Gender refers to the characteristics, biological and socially influenced, by which people define male and female. 4. Sex related genes and homones influences gender differences in behavior/ brain development 5. Gender roles 6. Social learning proposes that we learn gender identity through reinforcement, punishment, and observation. |
